Primary care data were collected and analysed through an HQ ARRC epidemiological surveillance system which encompassed all British personnel in theatre. There was a total of 17,054 primary care consultations in the British force, which at its peak in late January numbered 10,832 personnel. 11,472 of these consultations were due to disease (67% of the total) and 5568 to non-battle injury (32% of the total). The observed rate of sickness due to disease was close to the predicted rate, which was 1.35% of the force per day. The observed rate of sickness due to non-battle injury was between 6 and 10 times higher than the predicted rate of 0.05% of the force per day. There were only 14 primary care consultations due to battle injury.