The thermophysical properties of spin-polarized atomic tritium (T↓) in the temperature range 0.01 K–10 K

Abstract

The thermophysical properties of spin-polarized atomic tritum (T↓) are calculated in the temperature range 0.01 K-10 K using the Galitskii-Migdal-Feynman (GMF) formalism. The calculations are performed using Silvera and Born-Oppenheimer triplet-state potentials. It is concluded that T↓ may form a liquid at very low temperatures. At low T, the effective s-wave scattering length a 0 <0, which corresponds to a very weak attractive interaction. There is no bound state for the T↓ dimer, but the negative a 0 indicates that it is only slightly short of binding. The transport properties of T↓ increase with increasing temperature. This behavior shows that T↓ remains as a gas in this T-range. The transport properties of 3 He and 4 He are included for comparison purposes. The difference in the transport properties of T↓ and 3 He is due to the fact that T↓ atoms obey Bose statistics while 3 He atoms obey Fermi statistics, whereas the difference with the 4 He (Boson) is due to the mass difference between T↓ and 4 He.

The classical and quantum second virial coefficient of low-density 132Xe vapor in the temperature-range 0.1 mK–30 000 K

“…At sufficiently low T, B cl is negative; this is attributed to the long-range attractive forces [35]. As T increases, collisions become more energetic, thereby increasing the contribution of short-range repulsive forces and causing B to become less negative.…”

Thermodynamic Properties and Critical Behavior of Spin-Polarized Atomic Hydrogen (H↓) Using the Quantum Second-Virial Coefficient

“…Clearly, the T-dependence is quite strong, becoming dominant in the low-T limit, and acquiring an oscillatory character. The physical origin of this behavior is threefold: (1) the Bose-Einstein statistics of the system [48,49]; (2) the diffraction caused by the repulsive 'core' of V(r) [10,11]; and (3) the quantum-interference effects in the collisions between the target atoms and the incident polarized atoms [50].…”

4 He Gas in the Temperature-Range 1mK-5K: Thermodynamic Properties from the Quantum Second Virial Coefficient

“…These are then fed into the Beth-Uhlenbeck equation to compute Bq. The thermophysical properties follow directly from well-known expressions [1,22,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31]. These properties include: the virial equation of state, compressibility factor, total internal energy, specific heat capacity, and entropy.…”