The thermodynamics of microemulsions

Lam, Andrew C; Falk, Nancy A.; Schechter, R.S.

doi:10.1016/0021-9797(87)90320-1

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, the diffusion cjf associating solutes is more frequently described by using pseudobinary transport equations (8,(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) Can. J. Chem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled diffusion of butanol solubilized in aqueous sodium dodecylsulfate micelles

Leaist¹

1990

Can. J. Chem.

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DEREK G. LEAIST. Can. J. Chem. 68, 33 (1990).Ternary interdiffusion coefficients have been measured for ten compositions of the system sodium dodecylsulfate (NaDS) + 1-butanol (BuOH) + water at 25OC. The diffusivity of BuOH in this system is lower than in pure water because about one half of the alcohol is solubilized in the slowly-diffusing NaDS micelles. Yet, surprisingly, diffusion of the NaDS component transports only minor amounts of BuOH. Diffusion of the BuOH component, however, produces a substantial coupled flow of NaDS. Although added BuOH increases the solution viscosity and the size of the micelles, the diffusivity of the NaDS component does not change significantly. The Harned restricted diffusion method for the determination of electrolyte diffusivities is extended to electrolyte + nonelectrolyte solutes.

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“…However, the diffusion cjf associating solutes is more frequently described by using pseudobinary transport equations (8,(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) Can. J. Chem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled diffusion of butanol solubilized in aqueous sodium dodecylsulfate micelles

Leaist¹

1990

Can. J. Chem.

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“…16,27,28 The early stage of these theories was summarized by Tadros in 1984 29 and with an emphasis on integrating the bending energy concept by Schechter in 1987. 30 Commonly recognized in all these studies was the requirement of having very low interfacial tension and the importance of the properties of the amphiphilic film separating oil and water domains, which mainly means its bending properties, as for such low interfacial tension the bending energy becomes the leading term in the free energy.…”

Section: Historical Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Microemulsions: Formulation Based on Knowledge of Their Mesostructure

et al. 2021

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Microemulsions, as thermodynamically stable mixtures of oil, water, and surfactant, are known and have been studied for more than 70 years. However, even today there are still quite a number of unclear aspects, and more recent research work has modified and extended our picture. This review gives a short overview of how the understanding of microemulsions has developed, the current view on their properties and structural features, and in particular, how they are related to applications. We also discuss more recent developments regarding nonclassical microemulsions such as surfactant-free (ultraflexible) microemulsions or ones containing uncommon solvents or amphiphiles (like antagonistic salts). These new findings challenge to some extent our previous understanding of microemulsions, which therefore has to be extended to look at the different types of microemulsions in a unified way. In particular, the flexibility of the amphiphilic film is the key property to classify different microemulsion types and their properties in this review. Such a classification of microemulsions requires a thorough determination of their structural properties, and therefore, the experimental methods to determine microemulsion structure and dynamics are reviewed briefly, with a particular emphasis on recent developments in the field of direct imaging by means of electron microscopy. Based on this classification of microemulsions, we then discuss their applications, where the application demands have to be met by the properties of the microemulsion, which in turn are controlled by the flexibility of their amphiphilic interface. Another frequently important aspect for applications is the control of the rheological properties. Normally, microemulsions are low viscous and therefore enhancing viscosity has to be achieved by either having high concentrations (often not wished for) or additives, which do not significantly interfere with the microemulsion. Accordingly, this review gives a comprehensive account of the properties of microemulsions, including most recent developments and bringing them together from a united viewpoint, with an emphasis on how this affects the way of formulating microemulsions for a given application with desired properties.

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“…The sudden change of conductivity means the change of the microemulsion types (e.g., W/O or O/W). The conductivity of microemulsion depends on the conductivity of microemulsion droplets (dispersed phase) and that of ions in continuous phase [10]. In W/O microemulsion area, due to the non-conductivity of the continuous phase, the conductivity largely results from droplets of dispersed phase.…”

Section: Conductivity and Phase Behavior Of Pseudo-ternary Microemulsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of La-hexaaluminate catalyst for methane combustion by a reverse SDS microemulsion

Wang

Cui

et al. 2011

Rare Metals

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La-hexaaluminate catalyst for methane catalytic combustion was synthesized by a reverse microemulsion. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams of a quaternary microemulsion system of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), n-pentanol, n-octane, and water (or Al(NO 3 ) 3 solution) were presented. The effects of alcohol chain length, cosurfactant-to-surfactant ratio, and salt concentration on the formation and stability of the microemulsion system were studied. The phenomenon that the conductivity changed with water supported the phase behavior of the microemulsion system. La(Mn x /Fe x )Al 12−x O 19−δ catalysts, applied in methane combustion and with high-temperature stability, were synthesized within the stable areas of the phase diagram of the microemulsion system, when SDS was chosen as surfactant, n-pentanol as cosurfactant, and n-octane as oil phase. The physical properties and structure of the catalysts were characterized by BET method, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). A micro-fixed-bed reactor was used to measure the catalytic activity of hexaaluminates in methane combustion. The results show that the reverse microemulsions can be used to produce discrete La-hexaaluminate nanoparticles that display excellent methane combustion activity owing to their high surface area and high thermal stability.

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The thermodynamics of microemulsions

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Coupled diffusion of butanol solubilized in aqueous sodium dodecylsulfate micelles

Coupled diffusion of butanol solubilized in aqueous sodium dodecylsulfate micelles

Using Microemulsions: Formulation Based on Knowledge of Their Mesostructure

Synthesis of La-hexaaluminate catalyst for methane combustion by a reverse SDS microemulsion

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