The thermodynamics of iron and magnesium partitioning between olivine and liquid: criteria for assessing and predicting equilibrium in natural and experimental systems

Toplis, Michael J.

doi:10.1007/s00410-004-0629-4

Cited by 418 publications

(315 citation statements)

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“…The temperature at which olivine crystallizes, which is required in the Toplis K D , is calculated from the method of Beattie [1993], also discussed below. For the case of near-surface crystallization considered in Figure 1a, the Toplis [2005] parameterization yields K D that is very similar to the commonly used model of Ford et al [1983]. Each green line in Figure 1a shows an array of liquid compositions that precipitate olivine with a given Fo content at the surface.…”

Section: Calculation Of Parental Magmamentioning

confidence: 72%

“…It is determined using the Fe-Mg exchange coefficient Roeder and Emslie, [1970]. The model of Toplis [2005] is used here to describe the effects of temperature, pressure, and composition on K D . We assume olivine crystallization occurs at near atmospheric pressure.…”

Section: Calculation Of Parental Magmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We assume olivine crystallization occurs at near atmospheric pressure. At high pressures within the melting regime, the model of Toplis [2005] is similar to that of Herzberg and O'Hara [2002]; pressure effects on K D will be examined below. The temperature at which olivine crystallizes, which is required in the Toplis K D , is calculated from the method of Beattie [1993], also discussed below.…”

Section: Calculation Of Parental Magmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The composition of olivine is expressed as Mg number (Mg # = 100 MgO/(MgO + FeO)) molar although, for convenience, we use the term forsterite content (Fo = mole fraction Mg 2 SiO 4 ). For naturally occur- Toplis [2005] at 1 atm. Arrays of small circles indicate liquid compositions produced by addition, i.e., of olivine into a representative lava composition.…”

Section: Calculation Of Parental Magmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is indicated by clinopyroxene phenocrysts in lavas from northern Iceland, which have compositions that reflect crystallization in the mantle [Slater et al, 2001]. Computing primary magma compositions using low-pressure K D but targeted to an olivine composition that actually crystallized in the mantle will result in MgO contents that are too low by 1-2% based on the K D models of Toplis [2005] and Herzberg and O'Hara [2002]. This will propagate to magmatic temperatures that are too low by 20-40°C.…”

Section: Calculation Of Parental Magmamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperatures in ambient mantle and plumes: Constraints from basalts, picrites, and komatiites

Herzberg

Asimow

Arndt

et al. 2007

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

629

449

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International audienceSeveral methods have been developed to assess the thermal state of the mantle below oceanic ridges, islands, and plateaus, on the basis of the petrology and geochemistry of erupted lavas. One leads to the conclusion that mantle potential temperature (i.e., TP) of ambient mantle below oceanic ridges is 1430°C, the same as Hawaii. Another has ridges with a large range in ambient mantle potential temperature (i.e., TP = 1300–1570°C), comparable in some cases to hot spots (Klein and Langmuir, 1987; Langmuir et al., 1992). A third has uniformly low temperatures for ambient mantle below ridges, ∼1300°C, with localized 250°C anomalies associated with mantle plumes. All methods involve assumptions and uncertainties that we critically evaluate. A new evaluation is made of parental magma compositions that would crystallize olivines with the maximum forsterite contents observed in lava flows. These are generally in good agreement with primary magma compositions calculated using the mass balance method of Herzberg and O'Hara (2002), and differences reflect the well-known effects of fractional crystallization. Results of primary magma compositions we obtain for mid-ocean ridge basalts and various oceanic islands and plateaus generally favor the third type of model but with ambient mantle potential temperatures in the range 1280–1400°C and thermal anomalies that can be 200–300°C above this background. Our results are consistent with the plume model

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Section: Calculation Of Parental Magmamentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Calculation Of Parental Magmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calculation Of Parental Magmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calculation Of Parental Magmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calculation Of Parental Magmamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Temperatures in ambient mantle and plumes: Constraints from basalts, picrites, and komatiites

Herzberg

Asimow

Arndt

et al. 2007

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

629

449

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Effect of variable CO₂on eclogite-derived andesite and lherzolite reaction at 3 GPa-Implications for mantle source characteristics of alkalic ocean island basalts

Mallik

Dasgupta

2014

Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.

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We have performed reaction experiments between 1, 4, and 5 wt % CO 2 -bearing MORBeclogite (recycled oceanic crust)-derived low-degree andesitic partial melt and fertile peridotite at 1375 C, 3GPa for infiltrating melt fractions of 25% and 33% by weight. We observe that the reacted melts are alkalic with degree of alkalinity or Si undersaturation increasing with increasing CO 2 content in reacting melt. Consequently, an andesite evolves through basanite to nephelinite owing to greater drawdown of SiO 2 from melt and enhanced precipitation of orthopyroxene in residue. We have developed an empirical model to predict reacted melt composition as a function of reacting andesite fraction and source CO 2 concentration. Using our model, we have quantified the mutual proportions of equilibrated melt from andesite-peridotite (1 CO 2 ) hybridization and subsequent peridotite (6 CO 2 )-derived melt required to produce the major element composition of various ocean island basalts. Our model can thus be applied to characterize the source of ocean islands from primary alkalic lava composition. Accordingly, we determined that average HIMU source requires 24 wt % of MORB-eclogite-derived melt relative to peridotite containing 2 wt % CO 2 and subsequent contribution of 45% of volatile-free peridotite partial melt. We demonstrate that mantle hybridization by eclogite melt-peridotite (6 CO 2 ) reaction in the system can produce high MgO (>15 wt %) basaltic melts at mantle potential temperature (T P ) of 1350 C. Therefore, currently used thermometers to estimate T P using MgO content of primary alkalic melts need to be revised, with corrections for melt-rock reaction in a heterogeneous mantle as well as presence of CO 2 .

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PRIMELT3 MEGA.XLSM software for primary magma calculation: Peridotite primary magma MgO contents from the liquidus to the solidus

Herzberg

Asimow

2015

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

322

239

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An upgrade of the PRIMELT algorithm for calculating primary magma composition is given together with its implementation in PRIMELT3 MEGA.xlsm software. It supersedes PRIMELT2.xls in correcting minor mistakes in melt fraction and computed Ni content of olivine, it identifies residuum mineralogy, and it provides a thorough analysis of uncertainties in mantle potential temperature and olivine liquidus temperature. The uncertainty analysis was made tractable by the computation of olivine liquidus temperatures as functions of pressure and partial melt MgO content between the liquidus and solidus. We present a computed anhydrous peridotite solidus in T-P space using relations amongst MgO, T and P along the solidus; it compares well with experiments on the solidus. Results of the application of PRIMELT3 to a wide range of basalts shows that the mantle sources of ocean islands and large igneous provinces were hotter than oceanic spreading centers, consistent with earlier studies and expectations of the mantle plume model.

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The thermodynamics of iron and magnesium partitioning between olivine and liquid: criteria for assessing and predicting equilibrium in natural and experimental systems

Cited by 418 publications

References 90 publications

Temperatures in ambient mantle and plumes: Constraints from basalts, picrites, and komatiites

Temperatures in ambient mantle and plumes: Constraints from basalts, picrites, and komatiites

Effect of variable CO₂on eclogite-derived andesite and lherzolite reaction at 3 GPa-Implications for mantle source characteristics of alkalic ocean island basalts

PRIMELT3 MEGA.XLSM software for primary magma calculation: Peridotite primary magma MgO contents from the liquidus to the solidus

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The thermodynamics of iron and magnesium partitioning between olivine and liquid: criteria for assessing and predicting equilibrium in natural and experimental systems

Cited by 418 publications

References 90 publications

Temperatures in ambient mantle and plumes: Constraints from basalts, picrites, and komatiites

Temperatures in ambient mantle and plumes: Constraints from basalts, picrites, and komatiites

Effect of variable CO2on eclogite-derived andesite and lherzolite reaction at 3 GPa-Implications for mantle source characteristics of alkalic ocean island basalts

PRIMELT3 MEGA.XLSM software for primary magma calculation: Peridotite primary magma MgO contents from the liquidus to the solidus

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Effect of variable CO₂on eclogite-derived andesite and lherzolite reaction at 3 GPa-Implications for mantle source characteristics of alkalic ocean island basalts