The Thermionic Valve in Wireless Telegraphy and Telephony1

Fleming, J. A.

doi:10.1038/105716a0

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…By tuning the circuit consisting of capacitors and inductors, the oscillating frequency can be adjusted. It is the 1st LC oscillator and leads to the boom of electronic oscillating technology in the following century [32][33][34]. In the 20th century, thanks to the evolution of integrated circuits following Moore's law [35,36], EIC oscillators have achieved dramatic performances in terms of oscillating frequency, levels of integration, stability, phase noise, and power consumption [37][38][39].…”

Section: Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

Optoelectronic oscillator for 5G wireless networks and beyond

Zou

Yang

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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With the development of 5G wireless network and beyond, the wireless carrier frequency will definitely reach millimeter-wave (mm-wave) and even terahertz (THz). As one of the key elements in wireless networks, the local oscillator (LO) needs to operate at mm-wave and THz band with lower phase noise, which becomes a major challenge for commercial LOs. In this article, we investigate the recent developments of the electronic integrated circuit (EIC) oscillator and the optoelectronic oscillator (OEO), and especially investigate the prospect of OEO serving as a qualified LO in the 5G wireless network and beyond. Both the EIC oscillators and OEOs are investigated, including their basic theories of operation, representative techniques and some milestones in applications. Then, we compare the performances between the EIC oscillators and the OEOs in terms of frequency accuracy, phase noise, power consumption and cost. After describing the specific requirements of LO based on the standard of 5G and 6G wireless communication systems, we introduce an injection-locked OEO architecture which can be implemented to distribute and synchronize LOs. The OEO has better phase noise performance at high frequency, which is greatly desired for LO in 5G wireless network and beyond. Besides, the OEO provides an easy and low-loss method to distribute and synchronize mm-wave and THz LOs. Thanks to photonic integrated circuit development, the power consumption and cost

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Section: Lomentioning

confidence: 99%

Optoelectronic oscillator for 5G wireless networks and beyond

Zou

Yang

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Elektronenröhren

Gehrts¹

1927

Taschenbuch Der Drahtlosen Telegraphie Und Telephonie

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The Birth of Information in the Brain: Edgar Adrian and the Vacuum Tube

Garson¹

2015

Sci Context

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As historian Henning Schmidgen notes, the scientific study of the nervous system would have been "unthinkable" without the industrialization of communication in the 1830s. Historians have investigated extensively the way nerve physiologists have borrowed concepts and tools from the field of communications, particularly regarding the nineteenth-century work of figures like Helmholtz and in the American Cold War Era. The following focuses specifically on the interwar research of the Cambridge physiologist Edgar Douglas Adrian, and on the technology that led to his Nobel-Prize-winning research, the thermionic vacuum tube. Many countries used the vacuum tube during the war for the purpose of amplifying and intercepting coded messages. These events provided a context for Adrian's evolving understanding of the nerve fiber in the 1920s. In particular, they provide the background for Adrian's transition around 1926 to describing the nerve impulse in terms of "information," "messages," "signals," or even "codes," and for translating the basic principles of the nerve, such as the all-or-none principle and adaptation, into such an "informational" context. The following also places Adrian's research in the broader context of the changing relationship between science and technology, and between physics and physiology, in the first few decades of the twentieth century.

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The Thermionic Valve in Wireless Telegraphy and Telephony1

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Optoelectronic oscillator for 5G wireless networks and beyond

Optoelectronic oscillator for 5G wireless networks and beyond

Elektronenröhren

The Birth of Information in the Brain: Edgar Adrian and the Vacuum Tube

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