The thermal performance of shelter modelling: improvement of temporary structures

Obyn, Sophie; Moeseke, Geoffrey Van; Virgo, V.

doi:10.2495/mar140071

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Roof insulation, extra shading and rotary ventilators were suggested as design improvements. [18][19][20] One solution that has proven popular in recent years is the use of Inverted Box Rib (IBR) steel panels either in the form of individual housing units or larger structures, as seen in Figure 1, and some data on their performance has been collected. 2,3,20 When used in Jordan such shelters are known as Tshelters and contain a thin layer (15 mm) of insulation in the walls between two layers of IBR.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrative modelling: A comparison of high and low mass dwelling solutions in Afghanistan and Peru

Eltaweel

Kuchai

Albadra

et al. 2022

Building Services Engineering Research and Technology

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Displaced populations are housed in various constructions, including lightweight predesigned structures. Theoretically, self-built heavyweight structures should ensure better temperatures and be closer to cultural norms. To examine this directly for the first time, lightweight pre-designed solutions are compared with high-mass self-built alternatives in Afghanistan and Peru, via monitoring, dynamic simulation, occupant surveys, the Shelter Assessment Matrix (SAM) and ShelTherm. Lightweight solutions increase peak summer temperatures, but only by 2°C, but reduce minimum temperatures by up to 5°C. Simulations only provided a qualitatively similar time series to the monitoring, because identical homes showed a large variance in temperatures. This questions the benefit of simulation compared to approaches which concentrate on whether shelters exacerbate or ameliorate external temperatures. In addition, a dwelling provides more than comfort, it supports family life, which is best addressed by tools like SAM, not thermal simulation. Hence it might be ideal to recommend high-mass self-build if possible, and to focus modelling efforts on qualitative aspects of simulation time-series, such as whether the building suppresses or exacerbates external conditions, and equally on psycho-cultural aspects. The term narrative modelling is introduced to describe this new approach which will be of direct benefit to the humanitarian community. Building simulation engineers have much to offer the humanitarian shelter sector, however they are not often brought into play in a disaster. Hence, we suggest a practical role they can take is in examining strategies before disasters and in creating knowledge or analysis methods that aid agency staff can apply on the ground. Here we showcase this approach. It is clear that although dynamic thermal simulation is highly useful, psycho-social aspects are equally important, thus engineers are likely to need to use tools that consider such aspects in order to maximize the usefulness of their conclusions.

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Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrative modelling: A comparison of high and low mass dwelling solutions in Afghanistan and Peru

Eltaweel

Kuchai

Albadra

et al. 2022

Building Services Engineering Research and Technology

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“…Obyn et al [27] discussed the difficulties in achieving a realistic thermal model of lightweight structures taking into account the air permeability of materials, their light transmission and the use of several elements into the building envelope. a impianti a biomassa e a impianti geotermici, riducendo in tal modo il consumo di risorse non rinnovabili.…”

Section: Current Research On Temporary Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nel corso degli anni, il miglioramento delle condizioni di comfort all'interno degli alloggi temporanei ha attratto considerevole interesse in tutto il mondo della ricerca, come dimostrato dagli studi riportati a seguire. Obyn et al [27] hanno discusso le difficoltà nella realizzazione di un modello termico realistico di strutture leggere che debba tenere conto della permeabilità all'aria dei materiali, della trasmissione della luce e dell'inserimento di elementi eterogenei nell'involucro edilizio. Al fine di migliorare le condizioni termiche dell'ambiente interno della casa prefabbricata temporanea, Wang et al [28] hanno sviluppato un modello utilizzando il software di simulazione energetica dinamica EnergyPlus® e lo hanno validato confrontando i dati simulati con i dati misurati ottenuti da una casa prefabbricata sperimentale appositamente costruita.…”

Section: Ricerca Attuale Sulle Abitazioni Temporaneeunclassified

An historical study on temporary and emergency post-disaster housing

Cascone¹,

Russo²,

Tomasello³

2018

Rivista Tema

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During recent years, the number of natural and non-natural disasters has drastically increased, due to the climate change, causing great damages on buildings and a high number of homeless people. However, post-disaster temporary housing solutions seem to have sustainability problems. Through a historical excursus, this work aims to analyse the steps that led to the current idea of temporary housing, in order to evaluate its functional and constructive characteristics. Finally, some considerations on improving thermal environment inside temporary housings are discussed.

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“…Several studies have been carried out with respect to indoor air quality and thermal comfort in temporary houses occupied after the great east Japan earthquake [6]. Some researches focused on the design and construction in the post-disaster temporary housing during the emergency phase [7,8,9] and some researchers have focused on simulation to improve of temporary shelters [10,11,12]. In the context of Nepal, some researches have been done to relate the indoor thermal environment [13] and acceptable indoor air temperature in temporary shelters [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Winter Indoor Thermal Environment of Temporary Shelters Built in Nepal After Massive Earthquake 2015

Thapa¹,

Rijal²,

Shukuya³

et al. 2020

J. Inst. Engineering

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Natural disasters and wars are main reasons that force people to leave their homes and consequently require urgent needs including temporary shelters. After massive earthquake 2015, thousands of Nepalese who lost their home were doomed to live in temporary shelters, mostly self-built by using zinc/tarpaulin sheets which can hardly provide sufficient thermal comfort. We need to analyze the thermal characteristics of the temporary shelters for creating a better environment for their own sake. Thus, this study tries to evaluate the winter indoor thermal environment of different types of local materials used for insulation in these investigated shelters. The indoor and outdoor thermal environment was measured by digital data loggers at the 10-minute intervals for winter in thirteen different shaped shelters in main three earthquake affected districts: Gorkha, Sindhupalchowk and Lalitpur. The mean indoor and mean outdoor air temperatures were found 12.3°C and 10.1°C. The total heat loss coefficient estimated in thirteen shelters ranges from 74.8 to 325.9 W/K and their specific values with respect to the ranges from 8.1 to 20.4 W/ (m2.K). These values are very large in comparison to those in ordinary houses; this is the major reason of low indoor air temperature especially during nighttime. This suggests that some insulating materials need to be added or replaced with the materials used for the improvement for better indoor thermal environment.

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The thermal performance of shelter modelling: improvement of temporary structures

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Narrative modelling: A comparison of high and low mass dwelling solutions in Afghanistan and Peru

Narrative modelling: A comparison of high and low mass dwelling solutions in Afghanistan and Peru

An historical study on temporary and emergency post-disaster housing

Study on Winter Indoor Thermal Environment of Temporary Shelters Built in Nepal After Massive Earthquake 2015

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