The therapist as a neglected variable in psychotherapy research.

Garfield, Sol L.

doi:10.1111/j.1468-2850.1997.tb00097.x

Cited by 67 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…It is hypothesized that these therapist behaviors can influence clients by increasing their sense of autonomy in treatment, their perception of the credibility and persuasiveness of the therapist, and/or fostering various aspects of the therapeutic relationship/therapeutic alliance. At present, very little is known about how therapist behaviors affect various aspects of the therapeutic relationship (Ackerman & Hilsenroth, 2003;Carroll, 2001;Garfield, 1997;Weinberger, 2002). This is astonishing when one considers how long therapy has been studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Theoretical Model of Common Process Factors in Youth and Family Therapy

Karver

Handelsman

Fields

et al. 2005

Ment Health Serv Res

181

172

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Recently there has been an increasing emphasis in the youth and family mental health treatment literature on the use of empirically supported treatments (ESTs). In contrast there has been scant attention paid to more universal aspects of the therapy process that may have even greater impact upon therapy outcomes. It is likely that the success of the techniques proposed by ESTs may depend on the presence of common process factors. In this article, the authors explore the status of common process factors research in the youth and family therapy literature, and propose a theoretical model linking specific therapeutic relationship variables and treatment outcomes for children and adolescents. This model is intended to guide synthesis of the empirical evidence for common process factors in youth and family treatment and to stimulate future research on common process factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Theoretical Model of Common Process Factors in Youth and Family Therapy

Karver

Handelsman

Fields

et al. 2005

Ment Health Serv Res

181

172

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Greenberg (1991) refere que o campo da investigação em psicoterapia começou por adoptar uma posição defensiva ao tentar provar que a psicoterapia funcionava, em vez de descobrir como funcionava, ao contrário do que sucedeu noutras ciências. Garfield (1990Garfield ( , 1997 refere que o conhecimento sobre as variáveis que contribuem para uma mudança positiva é ainda bastante limitado. Menciona que é necessária uma investigação de alta qualidade para aumentar a compreensão do processo terapêutico.…”

Section: Quadro 1 -Fases Daunclassified

O Estado da Arte Psicoterapêutica: Evolução Histórica e Bases Epistemológicas da Psicoterapia

Soares¹

2011

Revista de Psicologia da IMED

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RESUMOReflete-se sobre a evolução histórica da investigação em psicoterapia apresentada em três fases. Os objectivos são sintetizar e fazer uma macro reflexão sobre a investigação feita na área. Adaptou-se a proposta de Moreira, Gonçalves e Beutler (2005): até 1954, a Psicologia se tenta afirmar como ciência, entre 1954 a 1969 caracteriza-se pela preocupação em dar resposta aos problemas mentais emergentes do contexto histórico e, de 1969 até hoje, a valorização da relação entre as variáveis do terapeuta e os resultados terapêuticos, bem como pelo conhecimento dos mecanismos responsáveis pela mudança. Aborda-se o processo teórico evolutivo na Psicologia, desde o paradigma positivista e o paradigma construtivista, até ao construccionismo social. Situando a psicoterapia num determinado marco teórico, mais facilmente se apreende a realidade terapêutica como objecto de investigação. Reflete-se sobre a prática psicoterapêutica dever ser sustentada em teoria, a partir de um processo de investigação, historicamente contextualizado. Palavras-chave: Psicoterapia, construccionismo social, evolução histórica, marco teórico THE STATE OF PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC ART: HISTORICAL EVOLUTION AND EPISTEMOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PSYCHOTHERAPY ABSTRACTReflects on historical evolution of psychotherapy research is presented in three different phases. The goals are to synthesize and macro analyze the investigation performed in the subject. The proposal of Moreira, Gonçalves and Beutler (2005) was adapted. Up to 1954, psychology tries to establish itself as a science, between 1954 and 1969 it if featured by the concern of responding to emergent mental problems of historical context and, from 1969 to present, the appraisal of the relationship between therapist variables and therapeutic results, as well as the knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for the change. The theoretical evolution process in Psychology is approached from the positivist paradigm and the constructivist paradigm to the social constructionism. Taking into account psychotherapy in a given theoretical milestone, it is easier to understand the therapeutic reality as an object of research. The therapeutic practice should be sustainable by a theory, from a research process, within a historical context.

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“…Specifically, when we review the literature we find many recommendations for therapists to improve the compliance. These are usually recommendations for the verbal interaction between therapist and client, for example, the use of reinforcement when clients complete the assigned tasks (Garfield, 1997), the specification of what, where and how long the client has to do (Shelton & Levy, 1981), or the use of rationales about the importance of the task (Detweiler & Whisman, 1999). Hence, the actuation of the clinician during the verbal interaction becomes the vertebral cord of the modification of these variables that influence to the compliance behavior in clients.…”

Section: Instructions and Compliancementioning

confidence: 99%

Homework assignment: the use of instructions in psychological treatments and therapeutic compliance

Giráldez

Calero-Elvira²,

Sancho-Ruiz³

et al. 2014

The European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences

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The use of homework in psychological treatments is frequently used by psychologists. However, there is a gap in research that demonstrates the effect of different variables in therapeutic compliance. One of the factors most frequently related with compliance is the therapeutic interaction when therapist instructs the client but little is known about how this interaction influences the compliance. The aim of the present work is to provide a solid theoretical framework about the study of instructions in psychological treatments as way of assigning homework and their relationship with the therapeutic compliance and effectiveness. Ultimately, in the long term we pretend to study through empirical studies how the therapeutic interaction in assigning homework influences the therapeutic compliance. The majority of the publications about therapeutic compliance and therapeutic interaction in homework assignment suggest that there is a relationship between them, but there are not studies that show specifically how it is. Therefore, there is a need of studying more systematically the role of the therapeutic interaction when therapist assigns homework

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The therapist as a neglected variable in psychotherapy research.

Cited by 67 publications

References 9 publications

A Theoretical Model of Common Process Factors in Youth and Family Therapy

A Theoretical Model of Common Process Factors in Youth and Family Therapy

O Estado da Arte Psicoterapêutica: Evolução Histórica e Bases Epistemológicas da Psicoterapia

Homework assignment: the use of instructions in psychological treatments and therapeutic compliance

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