The therapeutic potential of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Shapiro, Haim; Tehilla, Miryam; Attal-Singer, Joelle; Bruck, Rafael; Luzzatti, Rachel; Singer, Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2010.06.001

Cited by 97 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…In addition, these studies showed that consumption of n-3 fatty acids had potential benefits for NAFLD patients. [28][29][30][31][32][33] Musso et al have shown that patients with NASH consumed more saturated fat and lower polyunsaturated fat compared to controls. Furthermore, they demonstrated that postprandial total cholesterol, VLDL, and triglycerides are more increased than controls.…”

Section: Macronutrientsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Nutritional Approach

Çolak

Tuncer²,

Şenateş³

et al. 2012

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is among the most common causes of chronic liver disease in many countries, and its prevalence is increasing. NAFLD is often considered to be a hepatic component of metabolic syndrome, and studies have established that insulin resistance plays a major role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Treatments for NAFLD primarily target insulin resistance. Interestingly, the most common environmental cause of insulin resistance is diet. This article examines the correlations between NAFLD and diet and provides some diet recommendations based on the most current data available.

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Section: Macronutrientsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Nutritional Approach

Çolak

Tuncer²,

Şenateş³

et al. 2012

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders

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show abstract

“…89 Observational studies have shown that during the past few decades, and along with the rise in obesity prevalence, a concomitant increase in o-6 and decrease in o-3 PUFA consumption has ensued. 89 Patients with NAFLD, and especially those with histologically confirmed NASH, have been found to not only consume less o-3 FA but also have less hepatocellular o-3 FA. 90,91 Intervention studies show variable results.…”

Section: Pufamentioning

confidence: 98%

The Role of Nutrients in the Development, Progression, and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Mouzaki

Allard

2012

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology

100

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disease in adults and children and is currently the third most common indication for liver transplantation in North America. Its pathogenesis is thought to be secondary to multiple "hits" derived from the dietary components, adipose tissue, immune system, and intestinal microbiota. Lack of physical activity may contribute as well. Nutrients may exert their effect directly or through alteration of the intestinal microbiota. Research focusing on specific dietary components predisposing to NAFLD has shown conflicting results. Total energy intake, and macronutrients, has been linked to the development of NAFLD. Fructose not only contributes to hepatic steatosis but may trigger inflammatory signals as well. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are thought to exert anti-inflammatory effects. The role of vitamins as well as minerals in this field is actively being investigated. In this review, we discuss the evidence-linking macronutrients (such as carbohydrates and fat in general and fructose, fiber, short chain fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty, and choline specifically) and micronutrients (such as vitamin E and C and minerals) with the development and treatment of NAFLD. We also discuss the literature on physical activity and NAFLD.

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“…16) In our study, the lipid levels (total, TG, TC, and NEFA) in the liver in the HFO group were remarkably increased, while the TG levels in plasma were significantly decreased compared with those in the FO group. It has been reported that TG levels were increased in both plasma and liver in mice fed beef diet containing saturated fatty acids similar to those in the HFO.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Fish Oil Play a Role in Adequate Fat Distribution to Plasma, Liver and White Adipose Tissue

Shiba

Tsunoda

Ito

et al. 2011

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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The components bringing the effects of fish oil on glucose and lipid metabolism are unclear. We used hydrogenated fish oil, which has saturated fatty acids with the same carbon chain lengths as the unsaturated fatty acids in fish oil, to clarify the functions of these unsaturated fatty acids on the improvements in lipid and glucose metabolism in mice. Mice divided into 3 groups were fed different diets: fish oil diet (FO), hydrogenated fish oil diet (HFO), and soybean oil diet (SBO) as a control. Body weight gain and white adipose tissue weight in the HFO and FO groups were significantly decreased compared with those in the SBO group. However, in the HFO group, the triglyceride (TG) levels in plasma were significantly decreased, while the lipids levels in the liver were remarkably increased compared with those in the FO group. Regarding the fatty acid composition in the liver and white adipose tissue in the HFO group, in parallel with the up-regulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 mRNA, relative amounts of C16 : 1 and C18 : 1 were significantly increased. By contrast, blood glucose levels in the oral glucose tolerance test had not deteriorated in the HFO group. Our results indicate that unsaturated fatty acids in the FO diet decrease lipid levels in the liver and maintain the balance of lipid levels in plasma, liver and white adipose tissue; in addition, in the HFO group, C16 : 1 and C18 : 1 synthesized in the liver and white adipose tissue may improve glucose tolerance and lipid metabolism.

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The therapeutic potential of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Cited by 97 publications

References 82 publications

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Nutritional Approach

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Nutritional Approach

The Role of Nutrients in the Development, Progression, and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Fish Oil Play a Role in Adequate Fat Distribution to Plasma, Liver and White Adipose Tissue

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