The Therapeutic Community

Leon, George De

doi:10.1891/9780826116673

Cited by 435 publications

(294 citation statements)

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“…Two in particular will be contrasted in the analysis presented below, and those relate to the differentiation between the model of recovery outlined in therapeutic communities ('TC') approaches (De Leon, 2000) and the model outlined in 12-step mutual aid writings (Kelly, 2016). Although not considered in the consensus group definitions, recovery differs fundamentally between these two approaches, in that within the TC model recovery is a state that has been achieved (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery Identity and Wellbeing: Is It Better to be ‘Recovered’ or ‘in Recovery’?

Best

Andersson

Irving

et al. 2017

Journal of Groups in Addiction & Recovery

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery Identity and Wellbeing: Is It Better to be ‘Recovered’ or ‘in Recovery’?

Best

Andersson

Irving

et al. 2017

Journal of Groups in Addiction & Recovery

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“…The history and the unique qualities which create the TC treatment environment are well documented (De Leon, 2000), but the effectiveness of this approach is difficult to summarise; primarily due to the diverse range of programs, the variety of variables investigated, and the range of research methodologies employed. Current TC literature reviews are focused on program effectiveness, but this method of review assumes that the literature available is a valid measure of TC effectiveness.…”

Section: Chapter Two: a Systematic Review Of The Methodologies Used Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, there is no specific psychological theory underlying the TC model. Whereas acute treatment services tend to adopt a combination of biomedical and cognitive behavioural approaches to addiction, the TC use of community-as-method fosters an ever-evolving model of rehabilitation (De Leon, 2000). While this creates flexibility, it does present a challenge for conducting research in the TC, specifically examining change in theoretically meaningful constructs during treatment.…”

Section: Defining the Therapeutic Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to this seemingly natural progression from resident to case worker, qualification levels vary. Originally, TC staff members were comprised only of previous treatment residents (De Leon, 2000) but in recent years, various specialists have been employed to widen the range of treatments offered within the TC. Even with the rise in professional accreditation among the staff (Lloyd & O'Callaghan, 2001), it is relatively rare for TC staff to have skills in research methodology and statistics, and this has left a significant opportunity for quantitative measurement of both the processes of change within TCs, and the measurement of outcomes (Lloyd & O'Callaghan, 2001).…”

Section: Defining the Therapeutic Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When an individual enters a TC, they commit themselves to a long course of treatment involving abstinence, milieu therapy, and a community-as-method approach (De Leon, 2000). As part of this modality of rehabilitation, the individual must navigate social interactions in a positive and healthy manner in order to be accepted by their peers and successfully complete treatment.…”

Section: The Current Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic stress disorder in a therapeutic community for substance use disorders: an evaluation of the influence

Perryman¹

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The purpose of this body of research is twofold. First, to investigate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of adults undergoing substance use disorder (SUD) treatment in a therapeutic community (TC) and, second, to apply major psychological theories to help understand the nature of this comorbidity in ways that inform treatment. The focal theories of this research are: emotion dysregulation (Gratz & Roemer, 2004), and revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (rRST; Corr, 2008;Gray & McNaughton, 2000). Rash Impulsiveness will be included as an important dimension of rRST that has been consistently linked to substance misuse. Chapter 1 presents an overview of research related to the thesis as a whole. In Chapter .72, p < .00). Furthermore, the correlations between PTSS and two of the facets of rRST, BAS and fight-flight-freeze sensitivity (FFFS), were significantly correlated (r = -.23 and .49, p < .01, respectively). BAS sensitivity was shown to negatively correlate with PTSS, indicating that lower BAS sensitivity related to higher PTS severity. No relationship was found between the Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS) and PTSS. Finally, Rash Impulsivity significantly correlated with PTSS at intake, r = .50, p < .00. Contrary to hypotheses, and previous research, Rash Impulsivity did not significantly correlate with retention. Theoretical mechanisms linking PTSS and substance misuse were investigated further, with tests of theoretical models in which individual difference factors (facets of the rRST) were related to retention and outcomes from treatment, and facets of emotional dysregulation were tested as mediators of this relationship. Upon investigation through linear regression, no suitable variable was found the mediate the relationship between PTSS and retention.iii The final moderated mediated model, therefore, was not suitable for this population. Limited moderation, though, occurred between the two facets of rRST and retention. Specifically, investigation of the simple slopes showed that FFFS and Rash Impulsivity both moderate the relationship between PTSD and retention at high (+1 SD) and mean scores. These findings indicate that high levels of both facets do interact with PTSD to negatively influence treatment retention.The null findings for both mediation and the moderated mediation model contradict previous research, and may be due to homogeneity in scores across the population. Overall, some implications for treatment can be extrapolated. First, PTSD is highly prevalent in the TC population, and should be assessed using psychometrically valid measures, such as the PCL-C, and addressed in treatment. Second, treatment for SUD does not exacerbate PTSD; on the contrary, PTSS significantly decreased during TC treatment. Finally, as there is solid theoretical support to suggest an influence of emotion dysregulation and Rash Impulsiveness on retention and outcomes, more research needs to be conducted on the role of these two constructs with the intent of creating a better suited rehabi...

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