The therapeutic and diagnostic potential of regulatory noncoding RNAs in medulloblastoma

Joshi, Piyush; Katsushima, Keisuke; Zhou, Rui; Meoded, Avner; Stapleton, Stacie; Jallo, George I.; Raabe, Eric H.; Eberhart, Charles G.; Perera, Ranjan J.

doi:10.1093/noajnl/vdz023

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…MAP2 is a well-known neural marker for medulloblastoma as reported in a few studies (41)(42)(43). It is a frequently considered marker during IHC of MB samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Reaction Monitoring-Based Targeted Assays for the Validation of Protein Biomarkers in Brain Tumors

et al. 2021

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The emergence of omics technologies over the last decade has helped in advancement of research and our understanding of complex diseases like brain cancers. However, barring genomics, no other omics technology has been able to find utility in clinical settings. The recent advancements in mass spectrometry instrumentation have resulted in proteomics technologies becoming more sensitive and reliable. Targeted proteomics, a relatively new branch of mass spectrometry-based proteomics has shown immense potential in addressing the shortcomings of the standard molecular biology-based techniques like Western blotting and Immunohistochemistry. In this study we demonstrate the utility of Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), a targeted proteomics approach, in quantifying peptides from proteins like Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), Apolipoprotein E (APOE), Prostaglandin H2 D-Isomerase (PTGDS), Vitronectin (VTN) and Complement C3 (C3) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from Glioma and Meningioma patients. Additionally, we also report transitions for peptides from proteins – Vimentin (VIM), Cystatin-C (CST3) and Clusterin (CLU) in surgically resected Meningioma tissues; Annexin A1 (ANXA1), Superoxide dismutase (SOD2) and VIM in surgically resected Glioma tissues; and Microtubule associated protein-2 (MAP-2), Splicing factor 3B subunit 2 (SF3B2) and VIM in surgically resected Medulloblastoma tissues. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the use of MRM to validate proteins from three types of brain malignancies and two different bio-specimens. Future studies involving a large cohort of samples aimed at accurately detecting and quantifying peptides of proteins with roles in brain malignancies could potentially result in a panel of proteins showing ability to classify and grade tumors. Successful application of these techniques could ultimately offer alternative strategies with increased accuracy, sensitivity and lower turnaround time making them translatable to the clinics.

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“…MAP2 is a well-known neural marker for medulloblastoma as reported in a few studies (41)(42)(43). It is a frequently considered marker during IHC of MB samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Reaction Monitoring-Based Targeted Assays for the Validation of Protein Biomarkers in Brain Tumors

et al. 2021

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“…Some of them affect miRNA activity (miRNA sponging) and pathways of medulloblastoma development (MAPK, SHH, PI3K/AKT). These dysregulations usually lead to the promotion of cell proliferation and migration [ 64 ]. Table 3 presents the most known lncRNAs that affect medulloblastoma development.…”

Section: Epigenetic Changes In Medulloblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic-Based Therapy—A Prospective Chance for Medulloblastoma Patients’ Recovery

Strejczek

Woszczyk

Urbaniak

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most frequent and malignant brain tumors in children. The prognosis depends on the advancement of the disease and the patient’s age. Current therapies, which include surgery, chemotherapy, and irradiation, despite being quite effective, cause significant side effects that influence the central nervous system’s function and cause neurocognitive deficits. Therefore, they substantially lower the quality of life, which is especially severe in a developing organism. Thus, there is a need for new therapies that are less toxic and even more effective. Recently, knowledge about the epigenetic mechanisms that are responsible for medulloblastoma development has increased. Epigenetics is a phenomenon that influences gene expression but can be easily modified by external factors. The best known epigenetic mechanisms are histone modifications, DNA methylation, or noncoding RNAs actions. Epigenetic mechanisms comprehensively explain the complex phenomena of carcinogenesis. At the same time, they seem to be a potential key to treating medulloblastoma with fewer complications than past therapies. This review presents the currently known epigenetic mechanisms that are involved in medulloblastoma pathogenesis and the potential therapies that use epigenetic traits to cure medulloblastoma while maintaining a good quality of life and ensuring a higher median overall survival rate.

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“…96,97 Owing to the development of more effective treatments like surgical resection and irradiation, survival rates for MB have gradually improved to more than 60% in recent decades. 98,99 At present, studies on noncoding RNAs of the MB mainly focus on lncRNAs and miRNAs, 100 while there are only few studies on the role of circRNAs in MB.…”

Section: Circrnas In Medulloblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNAs in childhood‐related diseases and cancers: A review

Mao

Guo

et al. 2020

Cell Biochemistry & Function

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Research into the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of childhood‐related diseases is the key to reducing their morbidity and mortality. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play critical roles, both in physiology and pathology, and there is ample evidence to show that they play varying roles in tissue development and gene regulation. Studies on circRNAs in different childhood‐related diseases have confirmed their great potential for disease prevention and treatment. These breakthroughs highlight the pathological role of circRNAs in cancers, as well as cardiovascular and hereditary childhood illnesses. In this review, we summarize the role of circRNAs in childhood‐related diseases and cancer, and provide an update of the possible diagnostic and therapeutic application of circRNAs.

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The therapeutic and diagnostic potential of regulatory noncoding RNAs in medulloblastoma

Cited by 18 publications

References 154 publications

Multiple Reaction Monitoring-Based Targeted Assays for the Validation of Protein Biomarkers in Brain Tumors

Multiple Reaction Monitoring-Based Targeted Assays for the Validation of Protein Biomarkers in Brain Tumors

Epigenetic-Based Therapy—A Prospective Chance for Medulloblastoma Patients’ Recovery

Circular RNAs in childhood‐related diseases and cancers: A review

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