The TESS Objects of Interest Catalog from the TESS Prime Mission

Guerrero, Natalia; Seager, Sara; Huang, Chelsea X.; Vanderburg, Andrew; Soto, Aylin Garciá; Mireles, Ismael; Hesse, Katharine; Fong, W.; Glidden, Ana; Shporer, Avi; Latham, David W.; Collins, Karen A.; Quinn, Samuel N.; Burt, Jennifer; Dragomir, Diana; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Vanderspek, R.; Fausnaugh, Michael; Burke, Christopher J.; Ricker, G.; Daylan, Tansu; Essack, Zahra; Günther, Maximilian N.; Osborn, H.; Pepper, Joshua; Rowden, Pamela; Sha, Lizhou; Villanueva, Steven; Yahalomi, Daniel A.; Yu, Li; Ballard, Sarah; Batalha, Natalie M.; Berardo, David; Chontos, Ashley; Dittmann, Jason; Esquerdo, Gilbert A.; Mikal-Evans, Thomas; Jayaraman, Rahul; Krishnamurthy, Akshata; Louie, Dana R.; Mehrle, Nicholas; Niraula, Prajwal; Rackham, Benjamin V.; Rodriguez, Joseph E.; Rowden, Stephen J. L.; Sousa-Silva, Clara; Watanabe, David; Wong, Ian; Zhan, Zhuchang; Zivanovic, Goran; Christiansen, Jessie L.; Ciardi, David R.; Swain, M.; Lund, Michael B.; Mullally, Susan E.; Fleming, Scott W.; Rodríguez, David; Boyd, Patricia T.; Quintana, Elisa V.; Barclay, Thomas; Colón, Knicole D.; Rinehart, Stephen A.; Schlieder, Joshua E.; Clampin, Mark; Jenkins, Jon M.; Twicken, Joseph D.; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Coughlin, Jeffrey L.; Henze, Chris; Lissauer, Jack J.; Morris, Robert; Rose, Mark; Smith, Jeffrey C.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Ting, Eric B.; Wohler, Bill; Bakos, G. Á.; Bean, Jacob L.; Berta-Thompson, Zachory K.; Bieryla, Allyson; Bouma, Luke G.; Buchhave, Lars A.; Butler, Nathaniel R.; Charbonneau, David; Doty, J.; Ge, Jian; Holman, Matthew J.; Howard, Andrew W.; Kaltenegger, Lisa; Kane, Stephen R.; Kjeldsen, H.; Kreidberg, Laura; Lin, D. N. C.; Minsky, Charlotte; Narita, Norio; Paegert, Martin; Pál, András; Πάλλη, Ε.; Sasselov, Dimitar; Spencer, Alton; Sozzetti, A.; Stassun, Keivan G.; Torres, Guillermo; Udry, S.; Winn, Joshua N.

doi:10.3847/1538-4365/abefe1

Cited by 237 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Since TESS started its scientific operation in 2018, the spacecraft has participated in the search for USP planets. As of 2021 February, 151 USP planet candidates were reported as TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs; Guerrero et al 2021) by the mission (excluding the ones flagged as "False Positive (FP)"), and 31 of them are orbiting M dwarfs (the effective temperature T eff < 4000 K). Our targets are TOI-1634 and TOI-1685, which are similar in the stellar T eff , mass M å , and radius R å , hosting super-Earth-sized USP planet candidates according to the TESS Input Catalog (TIC; Stassun et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Bright M Dwarfs Hosting Ultra-Short-Period Super-Earths with Earth-like Compositions*

Hirano

Livingston

Fukui

et al. 2021

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We present observations of two bright M dwarfs (TOI-1634 and TOI-1685: J = 9.5-9.6) hosting ultra-short-period (USP) planets identified by the TESS mission. The two stars are similar in temperature, mass, and radius (T eff ≈ 3500 K, M å ≈ 0.45-0.46 M e , and R å ≈ 0.45-0.46 R e ), and the planets are both super-Earth size (1.25 R ⊕ < R p < 2.0 R ⊕ ). For both systems, light curves from ground-based photometry exhibit planetary transits, whose depths are consistent with those from the TESS photometry. We also refine the transit ephemerides based on the ground-based photometry, finding the orbital periods of P = 0.9893436 ± 0.0000020 days and P = 0.6691416 ± 0.0000019 days for TOI-1634b and TOI-1685b, respectively. Through intensive radial velocity (RV) observations using the InfraRed Doppler (IRD) instrument on the Subaru 8.2 m telescope, we confirm the planetary nature of the TOIs and measure their masses: 10.14 ± 0.95 M ⊕ and 3.43 ± 0.93 M ⊕ for TOI-1634b and TOI-1685b, respectively, when the observed RVs are fitted with a single-planet circular-orbit model. Combining those with the planet radii of R p = 1.749 ± 0.079 R ⊕ (TOI-1634b) and 1.459 ± 0.065 R ⊕ (TOI-1685b), we find that both USP planets have mean densities consistent with an Earth-like internal composition, which is typical for small USP planets. TOI-1634b is currently the most massive USP planet in this category, and it resides near the radius valley, which makes it a benchmark planet in the context of discussing the size limit of rocky planet cores as well as testing the formation scenarios for USP planets. Excess scatter in the RV residuals for TOI-1685 suggests the presence of a possible secondary planet or unknown activity/instrumental noise in the RV data, but further observations are required to check those possibilities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Bright M Dwarfs Hosting Ultra-Short-Period Super-Earths with Earth-like Compositions*

Hirano

Livingston

Fukui

et al. 2021

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“…We further vet the ∼2000 TCEs to remove false positives (e.g., obvious eclipsing binaries, stellar variability, and instrumental artifacts) that were not identified by triage, as well as single-transit events. 49 The procedures are similar to standard vetting procedures applied to TESS objects of interest (TOIs; Guerrero et al 2021). This process truncates our sample to ∼500 Warm Jupiter candidates.…”

Section: Vetting Tcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm Jupiters in TESS Full-frame Images: A Catalog and Observed Eccentricity Distribution for Year 1

Dong

Huang

Dawson

et al. 2021

ApJS

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Warm Jupiters-defined here as planets larger than 6 Earth radii with orbital periods of 8-200 days-are a key missing piece in our understanding of how planetary systems form and evolve. It is currently debated whether Warm Jupiters form in situ, undergo disk or high-eccentricity tidal migration, or have a mixture of origin channels. These different classes of origin channels lead to different expectations for Warm Jupiters' properties, which are currently difficult to evaluate due to the small sample size. We take advantage of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) survey and systematically search for Warm Jupiter candidates around main-sequence host stars brighter than the TESS-band magnitude of 12 in the full-frame images in Year 1 of the TESS Prime Mission data. We introduce a catalog of 55 Warm Jupiter candidates, including 19 candidates that were not originally released as TESS objects of interest by the TESS team. We fit their TESS light curves, characterize their eccentricities and transit-timing variations, and prioritize a list for ground-based follow-up and TESS Extended Mission observations. Using hierarchical Bayesian modeling, we find the preliminary eccentricity distributions of our Warm-Jupiter-candidate catalog using a beta distribution, a Rayleigh distribution, and a two-component Gaussian distribution as the functional forms of the eccentricity distribution. Additional follow-up observations will be required to clean the sample of false positives for a full statistical study, derive the orbital solutions to break the eccentricity degeneracy, and provide mass measurements.

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“…The DVR also showed that the location of the transit source is consistent with the position of the target star. Upon passing these vetting checks, the transit signal was assigned the identifier TOI-1231.01 and announced on the MIT TESS data alerts website 60 (Guerrero et al 2021).…”

Section: Tess Transit Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TOI-1231 b: A Temperate, Neptune-sized Planet Transiting the Nearby M3 Dwarf NLTT 24399

Burt

Dragomir

Mollière

et al. 2021

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We report the discovery of a transiting, temperate, Neptune-sized exoplanet orbiting the nearby (d = 27.5 pc), M3V star TOI-1231 (NLTT 24399, L 248-27, 2MASS J10265947-5228099). The planet was detected using photometric data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and followed up with observations from the Las Cumbres Observatory and the Antarctica Search for Transiting ExoPlanets program. Combining the photometric data sets, we find that the newly discovered planet has a radius of -+ Å R 3.65 0.15 0.16 and an orbital period of 24.246 days. Radial velocity measurements obtained with the Planet Finder Spectrograph on the Magellan Clay telescope confirm the existence of the planet and lead to a mass measurement of 15.5 ± 3.3 M ⊕ . With an equilibrium temperature of just 330 K, TOI-1231 b is one of the coolest small planets accessible for atmospheric studies thus far, and its host star's bright nearinfrared brightness (J = 8.88, K s = 8.07) makes it an exciting target for the Hubble Space Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope. Future atmospheric observations would enable the first comparative planetology efforts in the 250-350 K temperature regime via comparisons with K2-18 b. Furthermore, TOI-1231ʼs high systemic radial velocity (70.5 km s −1 ) may allow for the detection of low-velocity hydrogen atoms escaping the planet by Doppler, shifting the H I Lyα stellar emission away from the geocoronal and interstellar medium absorption features.

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The TESS Objects of Interest Catalog from the TESS Prime Mission

Cited by 237 publications

References 103 publications

Two Bright M Dwarfs Hosting Ultra-Short-Period Super-Earths with Earth-like Compositions*

Two Bright M Dwarfs Hosting Ultra-Short-Period Super-Earths with Earth-like Compositions*

Warm Jupiters in TESS Full-frame Images: A Catalog and Observed Eccentricity Distribution for Year 1

TOI-1231 b: A Temperate, Neptune-sized Planet Transiting the Nearby M3 Dwarf NLTT 24399

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