The TESS-Keck Survey: Science Goals and Target Selection

Chontos, Ashley; Murphy, Joseph M. Akana; MacDougall, Mason G.; Fetherolf, Tara; Van Zandt, Judah; Rubenzahl, Ryan A.; Beard, Corey; Huber, Daniel; Batalha, Natalie M.; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Dressing, Courtney D.; Fulton, Benjamin; Howard, Andrew W.; Isaacson, Howard; Kane, Stephen R.; Petigura, Erik A.; Robertson, Paul; Roy, Arpita; Weiss, Lauren M.; Behmard, Aida; Dai, Fei; Dalba, Paul A.; Giacalone, Steven; Hill, Michelle L.; Lubin, Jack; Mayo, Andrew; Mocnik, Teo; Polanski, Alex S.; Rosenthal, Lee J.; Scarsdale, Nicholas; Turtelboom, Emma V.

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2106.06156

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Barnes & Haswell 2021;Demangeon et al submitted) and the ongoing work of radial velocity teams, both within the Ariel consortium and outside of it (e.g. Lillo-Box et al 2020;Chontos et al 2021;Nielsen et al 2020;Kaye et al 2021;Van Eylen et al 2021), are ensuring that the best targets for atmospheric characterisation are followed-up. Nevertheless, it may not be possible to conduct detailed follow-up of all the TPCs which may be of interest to the Ariel mission.…”

Section: Discussion Conclusion and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ariel Target List: The Impact of TESS and the Potential for Characterising Multiple Planets Within a System

Edwards,

Tinetti

2022

Preprint

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The ESA Ariel mission has been adopted for launch in 2029 and will conduct a survey of around one thousand exoplanetary atmospheres during its primary mission life. By providing homogeneous datasets, with a high SNR and wide wavelength coverage, Ariel will unveil the atmospheric demographics of these far-away worlds, helping to constrain planet formation and evolution processes on a galactic scale. Ariel seeks to undertake a statistical survey of a diverse population of planets and, therefore, the sample of planets from which this selection can be made is of the utmost importance. While many suitable targets have already been found, hundreds more will be discovered before the mission is operational. Previous studies have used predictions of exoplanet detections to forecast the available planet population by the launch date of Ariel, with the most recent noting that the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) alone should provide over a thousand potential targets. In this work, we consider the planet candidates found to date by TESS to show that, with the addition of already confirmed planets, Ariel will already have a more than sufficient sample to choose its target list from once these candidates are validated. We showcase the breadth of this population as well as exploring, for the first time, the ability of Ariel to characterise multiple planets within a single system. Comparative planetology of worlds orbiting the same star, as well as across the wider population, will undoubtedly revolutionise our understanding of planet formation and evolution.

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Section: Discussion Conclusion and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ariel Target List: The Impact of TESS and the Potential for Characterising Multiple Planets Within a System

Edwards,

Tinetti

2022

Preprint

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“…Using the High Resolution Echelle Spectrograph (HIRES; Vogt et al 1994), TKS conducts spectroscopy of TOIs in order to determine planet masses and host star properties for a variety of science goals. TKS-0 (Chontos et al 2021) is a more comprehensive description of the TKS program science goals and target selection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI–1246

Turtelboom

Weiss

Dressing

et al. 2022

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Multiplanet systems are valuable arenas for investigating exoplanet architectures and comparing planetary siblings. TOI-1246 is one such system, with a moderately bright K dwarf (V = 11.6, K = 9.9) and four transiting sub-Neptunes identified by TESS with orbital periods of 4.31, 5.90, 18.66, and 37.92 days. We collected 130 radial velocity observations with Keck/HIRES and TNG/HARPS-N to measure planet masses. We refit the 14 sectors of TESS photometry to refine planet radii (2.97 ± 0.06 R ⊕, 2.47 ± 0.08 R ⊕, 3.46 ± 0.09 R ⊕, and 3.72 ± 0.16 R ⊕) and confirm the four planets. We find that TOI-1246 e is substantially more massive than the three inner planets (8.1 ± 1.1 M ⊕, 8.8 ± 1.2 M ⊕, 5.3 ± 1.7 M ⊕, and 14.8 ± 2.3 M ⊕). The two outer planets, TOI-1246 d and TOI-1246 e, lie near to the 2:1 resonance (P e/P d = 2.03) and exhibit transit-timing variations. TOI-1246 is one of the brightest four-planet systems, making it amenable for continued observations. It is one of only five systems with measured masses and radii for all four transiting planets. The planet densities range from 0.70 ± 0.24 to 3.21 ± 0.44 g cm−3, implying a range of bulk and atmospheric compositions. We also report a fifth planet candidate found in the RV data with a minimum mass of 25.6 ± 3.6 M ⊕. This planet candidate is exterior to TOI-1246 e, with a candidate period of 93.8 days, and we discuss the implications if it is confirmed to be planetary in nature.

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“…One of such candidates is HIP-97166b (TOI-1255b, TIC 237222864b), a sub-Neptune around an early K dwarf located high in the Northern hemisphere (dec = +74 • ) at a distance of 68 pc (Gaia Collaboration; Lindegren et al 2018). Our investigation is part of a larger effort by the TESS-Keck Survey (see Chontos et al (2021) for more information on TKS and its goals), which will build upon the legacies of Kepler and K2 to address major outstanding questions about exoplanet compositions, atmospheres, and system architectures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The TESS-Keck Survey. VI. Two Eccentric sub-Neptunes Orbiting HIP-97166

MacDougall,

Petigura,

Angelo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We report the discovery of HIP-97166b (TOI-1255b), a transiting sub-Neptune on a 10.3-day orbit around a K0 dwarf 68 pc from Earth. This planet was identified in a systematic search of TESS Objects of Interest for planets with eccentric orbits, based on a mismatch between the observed transit duration and the expected duration for a circular orbit. We confirmed the planetary nature of HIP-97166b with ground-based radial velocity measurements and measured a mass of M b = 20 ± 2 M ⊕ along with a radius of R b = 2.7 ± 0.1 R ⊕ from photometry. We detected an additional non-transiting planetary companion with M c sini = 10 ± 2 M ⊕ on a 16.8-day orbit. While the short transit duration of the inner planet initially suggested a high eccentricity, a joint RV-photometry analysis revealed a high impact parameter b = 0.84 ± 0.03 and a moderate eccentricity. Modeling the dynamics with the condition that the system remain stable over >10 5 orbits yielded eccentricity constraints e b = 0.16 ± 0.03 and e c < 0.25. The eccentricity we find for planet b is above average for the small population of sub-Neptunes with well-measured eccentricities. We explored the plausible formation pathways of this system, proposing an early instability and merger event to explain the high density of the inner planet at 5.3 ± 0.9 g/cc as well as its moderate eccentricity and proximity to a 5:3 mean-motion resonance.

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The TESS-Keck Survey: Science Goals and Target Selection

Cited by 5 publications

References 57 publications

The Ariel Target List: The Impact of TESS and the Potential for Characterising Multiple Planets Within a System

The Ariel Target List: The Impact of TESS and the Potential for Characterising Multiple Planets Within a System

The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI–1246

The TESS-Keck Survey. VI. Two Eccentric sub-Neptunes Orbiting HIP-97166

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