The temporal order judgment paradigm: subcorticalattentional contribution under exogenous and endogenouscueing conditions

Zackon, David H.; Casson, Evanne J.; Zafar, Aftab; Stelmach, Lew B.; Racette, Lyne

doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(98)00134-1

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This conclusion is in line with a widely discussed interpretation of the 'prior entry' effect, namely that stimuli occurring at an attended location receive privileged access to awareness because the rate of information processing is enhanced at attended relative to unattended locations (e.g. [12,16]). The present study suggests that the delay of information processing for contralesional events might have a comparable magnitude in different sensory modalities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Impaired perception of temporal order in auditory extinction

2002

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…[14,16]). The observation that patients with extinction perceive ipsilesional events earlier than synchronous contralesional stimuli thus strongly suggests that the brain lesions in these patients lead to a chronic bias of spatial attention towards the ipsilesional side.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired perception of temporal order in auditory extinction

2002

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“…This finding rules out the possibility that observers solve the TOJ task by waiting for the first onset, catching the prime's onset in some proportion of the trials and the target's onset in another proportion. In accordance with other studies on perceptual latency (e.g., Hikosaka et al, 1993aHikosaka et al, , 1993bShore et al, 2001;Stelmach, Campsall, & Herdman, 1997;Stelmach & Herdman, 1991;Zackon, Casson, Zafar, Stelmach, & Racette, 1999), these findings support an attentional account of perceptual latency priming, according to which perceptual latency priming is due to the facilitative influence of attention. 2 In the perceptual latency priming paradigm, the possibility of split attentional foci can be studied by using a pair of primes and assessing in which region or regions attention-mediated facilitation is present.…”

Section: Ingrid Scharlau Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germanysupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The proposal to utilize perceptual latency priming for studying attention is in line with recent studies that have used prior entry or TOJs and prior entry in order to investigate various attention-related topics, such as the role of subcortical attentional processing (Zackon et al, 1999), attentional deficits in, for example, extinction (Rorden, Mattingley, Karnath, & Driver, 1997; see also Karnath, Zimmer, & Lewald, 2002) or unilateral neglect (Robertson, Mattingley, Rorden, & Driver, 1998), or the processing of words of different valence depending on hemifield of presentation and mood (Enloe, Ilardi, Atchley, Cromwell, & Sewell, 2001). A recent study directly addressed the question of attentional control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Evidence for split foci of attention in a priming paradigm

Scharlau

2004

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…Consistent with this suggestion, volitional orienting is often linked to cortical regions (11)(12)(13)(14), whereas reflexive orienting is linked to subcortical processing (15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Most pertinent to the present study, a recent study (20) demonstrated that the archer fish, which lacks cortical structures, shows the prototypical reflexive pattern of early facilitation followed by later IOR (20).…”

supporting

confidence: 82%

Endogenous orienting in the archer fish

Saban

Sekely

Klein

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The literature has long emphasized the neocortex's role in volitional processes. In this work, we examined endogenous orienting in an evolutionarily older species, the archer fish, which lacks neocortexlike cells. We used Posner's classic endogenous cuing task, in which a centrally presented, spatially informative cue is followed by a target. The fish responded to the target by shooting a stream of water at it. Interestingly, the fish demonstrated a human-like "volitional" facilitation effect: their reaction times to targets that appeared on the side indicated by the precue were faster than their reaction times to targets on the opposite side. The fish also exhibited inhibition of return, an aftermath of orienting that commonly emerges only in reflexive orienting tasks in human participants. We believe that this pattern demonstrates the acquisition of an arbitrary connection between spatial orienting and a nonspatial feature of a centrally presented stimulus in nonprimate species. In the literature on human attention, orienting in response to such contingencies has been strongly associated with volitional control. We discuss the implications of these results for the evolution of orienting, and for the study of volitional processes in all species, including humans.volitional orienting | subcortical regions | endogenous orienting | IOR | attention H umans are commonly assumed to have volitional abilities that species lacking a neocortex (e.g., fish and amphibians) do not have. The literature has long emphasized the role of cortical mechanisms in these exclusive cognitive abilities. But is a neocortex necessary for a species to manifest behaviors that have been attributed to volitional control? To examine this question, we tested whether the archer fish (Toxotes chatareus) is capable of endogenous orienting.Driven by bottom-up stimulation, reflexive orienting is fast and automatic as a result of tuning through natural selection. Volitional orienting is relatively nonreflexive and is tuned to local contingencies and/or the immediate goals of the individual (1). In the current study, we adopt the typical perspective regarding spatial attention, as put forward by Posner (2), which is characterized by two distinctions: whether covert or overt adjustments are made, and whether these adjustments are under endogenous (volitional) or exogenous (reflexive) control. The most common methods for examining reflexive and volitional attentional processes are two versions of Posner's cuing task (2, 3). In this task, participants are presented with a cue followed by a peripheral target to which they are instructed to respond. Two task properties are important for determining which mode of orienting is generated. The first is whether or not the cue is informative about the location of the upcoming target, and the second is whether or not the input pathway of the upcoming target might be stimulated by the cue. When studying reflexive orienting, the peripheral location where a target might appear, or one nearby, is stimulated by a cue...

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The temporal order judgment paradigm: subcorticalattentional contribution under exogenous and endogenouscueing conditions

Cited by 38 publications

References 17 publications

Impaired perception of temporal order in auditory extinction

Impaired perception of temporal order in auditory extinction

Evidence for split foci of attention in a priming paradigm

Endogenous orienting in the archer fish

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