The temperature dependence of penning ionization electron energy spectra: He(23S)—ar, N2, NO, O2, N2O, CO2

Hotop, H.; Kolb, E.; Lorenzen, J.

doi:10.1016/0368-2048(79)80020-1

Cited by 122 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 54 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For H, under quasi-beam conditions, the preferential direction of the relative velocity is perpendicular to the direction of electron detection. At this angle, the correction should be small (<10~o) for any system [38,47]; for an attractive-type system such as Ne(3P2)+H the correction is expected to be negligible [47]. Consideration of the relevant metastable fluxes for Ne(3P2) and Ne(3po) [36] resulted in a straight-forward determination of the cross section ratio ~2/% for the ionization of H(D) by Ne(3P2) and Ne(3Po):…”

Section: Results and Qualitative Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In this paper we report our results for the systems Ne(3P2, 3P0) + H, D in detail. Figure 1 shows a cut through the central part of the apparatus used for PIES, which has been described in detail before [25,36,38]. A well-collimated beam of metastable Ne(3P2) or Ne(3Po) crosses a quasibeam of H(D) atoms in the magnetically-shielded reaction chamber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 90 ~ standard spectra were calculated from the calibration data due to Gardner and Samson [39] after correcting these for angular distribution effects such that intensities relevant for 90 ~ resulted on the basis of known anisotropy parameters: [40,41]. In the appendix, we give a list of the 90 ~ standard intensities, as used for calibration in this and other work [25,36,38]. The ion energy spectra were transmission-corrected on the same basis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrons ejected at right angle to both beams are energy-analysed in a cylindrical condenser, operated at the constant transmission energy atoms. The cylindrical condenser has been used for some time [25,27,36,38], whereas the reaction chamber (RC), lens system (V 0-V3) , and the slits have been modified subsequent to the work described in . The symmetric double-slits S1 and $2 have the sizes l xl0mm 2 and 0.4• 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Ionization of hydrogen and deuterium atoms in thermal energy collisions with state-selected Ne(3s 3 P 2,3 P 0) metastable atoms

et al. 1983

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High resolution energy spectra of electrons and ions resulting from thermal energy collisions of hydrogen and deuterium atoms with state-selected metastable Ne(3s3P2, 3P0) atoms are reported. The electron spectra for Ne(3P2)+H(D) are very broad: The high energy part due to formation of Nell § (NeD +) bound states (associative ionization), amounts to about 30 % of the ionizing events, whereas the dominant part of the spectrum including a prominent low-energy peak is due to Penning ionization out of a strongly-attractive entrance potential curve. Comparison of the spectra with quantum mechanical fit calculations yields fairly accurate information on this potential, in particular its well depth De[Ne(3p2)-H,D]=2.0(1)eV. The spectra for Ne(3Po)+H,D are comparatively narrow with much lower cross sections than the one for the Ne(3P2) state. The corresponding entrance channel is a weakly bound van der Waals molecule with a well depth below 0.1eV. A perturbation calculation of the Ne(3s)+H(ls) potential energy curves at large distances explains the observed difference between the Ne(3P2)+ H(D) and Ne(3P0)+H(D) systems. Symmetry arguments are given that the major contribution to the Ne(3P2)+H(D) spectra is due to the 22; potential.

show abstract

Section: Results and Qualitative Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ionization of hydrogen and deuterium atoms in thermal energy collisions with state-selected Ne(3s 3 P 2,3 P 0) metastable atoms

et al. 1983

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…6 together with the measured electron polarizations. Also included for comparison is the EED recorded (with higher energy resolution) in studies of gas-phase PI [ 11 ] together with corresponding energy-resolved polarizations obtained using a helium flowing afterglow apparatus [ 12]. The generally good agreement between the gas-phase and surface data suggest that He(2 3S) deexcitation again occurs via SPI.…”

Section: Pacsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Use of spin-labelling techniques to probe the dynamics of He(23 S) deexcitation at solid surfaces

Dunning

Oró

Soletsky

et al. 1994

Z Phys D - Atoms, Molecules and Clusters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Spin labelling techniques, specifically the use of electron-spin-polarized He(2 3S) metastable atoms coupled with energy-resolved spin analysis of the ejected electrons, are used to investigate the dynamics of He(2 3S) deexcitation at solid surfaces. Data for a clean Au(100) surface are presented that show that deexcitation occurs exclusively through resonance ionization followed by Auger neutralization. The electrons involved in Auger neutralization are observed to be correlated in spin and possible reasons for this are discussed. Results obtained at Xe and NO films adsorbed on cooled Au(100) and Cu(100) substrates, respectively, show that He(2 3S) metastable atom deexcitation is analogous to gas-phase Penning ionization. Detailed differences are apparent that can be attributed to effects associated with the underlying substrate and interactions involving neighboring atoms in the film. 79.20.Nc; 79.20.Rf; 79.80.tw Recent work in this laboratory has shown that spin-labelling techniques provide a powerful means to investigate the dynamics of reactions involving He(2 3S) atoms. This approach complements earlier studies of reaction dynamics that were based solely on analysis of the energy distributions of product electrons. Here we focus on the use of spin-labelling techniques to probe the dynamics of He(23S) atom deexcitation at clean and adsorbatecovered surfaces [1,2]. Conventional models [3] suggest that He(2 3S) atoms will be deexcited at clean high-workfunction metal surfaces exclusively by the two-step process diagrammed in Fig. la. An incident 2 3S atom first undergoes resonance ionization (RI) in which the excited 2s electron tunnels into a vacant level above the Fermi surface. The resulting He + ion continues toward the surface where it is neutralized by a conduction electron from the metal. The energy released is communicated to a second electron which, if the energy transfer is sufficient, may be ejected from the surface. This Auger neutralization (AN) process results in a relatively structureless ejected electron energy distribution that reflects, approximately, a self convolution of the local density of electronic states at the surface. At low work function surfaces RI cannot occur because, as illustrated in Fig. lb, there are no unfilled levels of appropriate energy available. The 2 3S atoms are then deexcited by an Auger deexcitation (AD) process in which an electron from the metal tunnels into the 2 3S 1 s core hole. The energy released is communicated to the excited 2s electron which may be ejected. Since AD is a quasi-one-electron process, the ejected electron energy distribution reflects directly the local density of electronic states and can contain relatively sharp features. The presence of adsorbed layers on a surface can also impede RI by preventing good overlap between the 2s electron wavefunction and vacant levels in the metal. Deexcitation may again occur by AD and, because the electron that tunnels into the 2 3S 1 s core hole originates in the adsorbate layer, the process is ...

show abstract

Effects of Environmental Atmosphere on the Performance of Contact–Separation Mode TENG

Han

Tang

Chen

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Technologies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With great potential applications, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), is widely studied from various aspects, while systematic investigations about the effects of environmental atmosphere on its performance remain to be carried out. Here, a test system based on a piston‐structured TENG and one‐way valve gas line is built, employing the contact–separation mode. A series of tests about short‐circuit transfer charges (QSC) and open‐circuit voltage (VOC) are studied among three kinds of dielectric materials (PTFE, Kapton, PET), in five pure gases (N2, O2, CO2, Ar, He). At a static gas flow rate of 3 L min−1 or static gas pressure of 6 kPa above 1 atm, multicycle statistics demonstrate that TENGs achieve the highest performance in CO2 and the lowest in He. Meanwhile, Kapton‐based TENG shows the greatest disparity in different atmosphere, followed by PET‐based TENG, and PTFE‐based TENG. A microscale discharge mechanism is introduced to explain all the above. Moreover, a negative linear relationship between QSC and the static gas pressure above 1 atm is found. This study is an important reference for a high‐performance TENG configuration and device packaging in the future.

show abstract

The temperature dependence of penning ionization electron energy spectra: He(23S)—ar, N2, NO, O2, N2O, CO2

Cited by 122 publications

References 54 publications

Ionization of hydrogen and deuterium atoms in thermal energy collisions with state-selected Ne(3s 3 P 2,3 P 0) metastable atoms

Ionization of hydrogen and deuterium atoms in thermal energy collisions with state-selected Ne(3s 3 P 2,3 P 0) metastable atoms

Use of spin-labelling techniques to probe the dynamics of He(23 S) deexcitation at solid surfaces

Effects of Environmental Atmosphere on the Performance of Contact–Separation Mode TENG

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About