FROM the examination of over 4,000 school children during the school year of 1922 to 1923 in Rochester and Olmsted County, it has been possible to gather considerable data concerning 3,943 children. Preventable and remediable physical or mental defects were found in 82 per cent of the city children, and in 73 per cent of the country children. HISTORY OF MEDICAL INSPECTION IN THE SCHOOLS7 France, in 1842, was the first country to establish the medical inspection'of schools. At this time physicians gratuitously inspected localities and the general health of the school children. In Paris and surrounding districts, in 1884, salaried physicians were placed in charge of the schools. This organization served as a model for other French cities. In Brussels, Belgium, in' 1874, school physicians were required to visit schools three times a month, and dentists and oculists were likewise appointed. This system was copied in Antwerp, Lorain, Liege, and also in Switzerland. In Germany, in 1867, a beginning in medical inspection was made in Leipsic and Dresden, but it was not until 1889 that the epoch-making Weisbaden system was developed. This system provided for a