“…An alternative explanation to our findings may be that teachers who are invested in empirically testing their teaching innovations possess other qualities such as rapport (e.g., Benson, Cohen, & Buskist, 2005;Buskist, Sikorski, Buckley, & Saville, 2002;Keeley, Smith, & Buskist, 2006;Schaeffer, Epting, Zinn, & Buskist, 2003), immediacy skills (e.g., Mehrabian, 1969;Wilson & Taylor, 2001), or a working alliance with students (Meyers, 2008) that also may influence learning outcomes. For example, it may be that these teachers also possess important relationship qualities or skills that contribute to the effectiveness of their activities.…”