The paper defines and measures key factors affecting the attraction and retention of employees with postgraduate qualifications in HCMC, using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Accordingly, the former is carried out through deep interviews with 15 experts (including 12 directors of the department/district presidents and 3 are lecturers/researchers of universities in HCMC and focus group discussions with ten respondents. The latter is conducted through direct interviews with 287 respondents. The results show that: (i) Employee retention is affected by employee satisfaction, training, career development, salary and welfare, and working environment; (ii) Employee attraction is affected by training, career development, salary and welfare, and working environment. Due to limited resources, the sample size consists of only 287 respondents who are employees working in the public sector (at wards, districts, and departments in the public sector) in HCMC. This is the limitation of the research.