The tangled biogeographic history of tarantulas: An African centre of origin rules out the centrifugal model of speciation

Biswas, Aritra; Chaitanya, R.; Karanth, K. Praveen

doi:10.1111/jbi.14678

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…Hence, we assigned any areas more than 2000 km a dispersal rate of 0.01. Henceforth we adopted a 'negative linear distribution of categorical probability values' (Biswas et al, 2023), i.e., distance ranges between 2000-1500 km, 1500-1000 km, 1000-500 km, and 500 > km were assigned a dispersal rate of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 0.95 respectively, following Biswas et al, 2023. We performed separate analyses based on six different models-DEC, DIVALIKE, BAYAREALIKE, DEC+j, DIVALIKE+j, and BAYAREALIKE+j. We compared the best model based on AIC values obtained from the results of the analyses conducted under these models.…”

Section: Ancestral Range Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent origins or single dispersal? Phylogenetic study supports early Cenozoic origin of three endemic Indo‐Sri Lankan Lygosomine skink genera

Ghosh,

Sil,

Ukuwela

et al. 2023

Zoologica Scripta

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The Western Ghats‐Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot is home to three endemic Lygosomine (Reptilia, Scincidae) skink genera—Kaestlea, Ristella and Lankascincus. Phylogenetic reconstructions in the past have suggested a sister relationship between the Western Ghats endemic Ristella and the Sri Lankan endemic Lankascincus, while the placement of Kaestlea has been uncertain. We reconstruct a global, genus‐level, multi‐locus phylogeny of the sub‐family Lygosominae to ask if these endemic genera share an immediate common ancestor, that is, did they arise from a single dispersal event? Furthermore, to understand the possible centres of origin and dispersal routes of these three genera of Indo‐Sri Lankan skinks, we construct a time‐calibrated phylogeny and perform ancestral range evolution. We find that Kaestlea does not share an immediate ancestor with Ristella + Lankascincus. Therefore, their presence in the Indian subcontinent results from two independent colonization events. Both these dispersal events likely occurred during the late Palaeocene‐early Eocene from the Asian landmass. Our molecular dating and ancestral range evolution analyses add further evidence of probable transoceanic dispersal in skinks and early land connections between the Indian subcontinent and Asia. It also reveals that these skinks were some of the earliest lizards to disperse into the Indian subcontinent.

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Section: Ancestral Range Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent origins or single dispersal? Phylogenetic study supports early Cenozoic origin of three endemic Indo‐Sri Lankan Lygosomine skink genera

Ghosh,

Sil,

Ukuwela

et al. 2023

Zoologica Scripta

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“…However, recent research contributed to the discovery of new taxa and new records (Gabriel 2014(Gabriel , 2016Mendoza et al 2016;Perafán et al 2016;Fukushima & Bertani 2017;Longhorn & Gabriel 2019;, 2020a, 2020b, 2022Mori & Bertani 2020;Bertani & Almeida 2021;Ferretti 2021;Kaderka et al 2021;Ferretti et al 2023). Also, the incorporation of molecular systematics significantly increased the contributions to their origin, phylogeny and biogeography (Turner et al 2018;Lüddecke et al 2018;Foley et al 2019Foley et al , 2021Biswas et al 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jambu, a new genus of tarantula from Brazil (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae)

Miglio,

Perafán,

Pérez-Miles

2024

EJT

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The genus Jambu gen. nov. is proposed based on two new species: Jambu paru gen. et sp. nov. and Jambu manoa gen. et sp. nov. Hapalopus butantan is transferred to Jambu; consequently, Jambu butantan gen. et comb. nov. is proposed. The geographic distribution of J. butantan is extended on the basis of new material collected. The new genus and the new species are here diagnosed, described and illustrated. The shape of the genitalia of Jambu resembles that of Hapalopini but differs from most of them by the presence of type IV urticating setae. The presence of this type of urticating setae allows us to hypothesize that this new genus is phylogenetically related with Grammostolini. Males of Jambu differ from those of other genera of Grammostolini by the presence of a paraembolic apophysis on the palpal bulb. Females also differ from those of other Grammostolini by the spermathecae morphology, with one medial lamp-shaped or heart-shaped receptacle. The homology of some features and the taxonomic placement of the new genus are discussed.

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All about being old and shooting hairs: clade age and urticating hair explain the patterns of diversification in tarantulas

Biswas,

Karanth

2023

Evolution

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The extreme asymmetry of species richness distribution across the tree of life has always intrigued evolutionary biologists. Two competing explanations have been proposed to explain this pattern—the clade age hypothesis and diversification rate variation. While these two scenarios may not be mutually exclusive, to what extent time and diversification rates interact to explain species richness patterns remains understudied. Here, we investigate the relative influence of these two scenarios using tarantulas (Family: Theraphosidae) as a model. Tarantulas represent a speciose group of spiders found worldwide but exceptionally diverse in South America. These spiders show two distinct patterns of microhabitat use (ground-dwelling or arboreal) and defense strategies (presence or absence of urticating hairs). Using various trait-independent and dependent diversification models, we test the clade age hypothesis, the role of microhabitat, antipredator defense strategy, and geography in influencing diversification rates. Our results suggest that clade age is the primary predictor of species richness distribution across the tarantula subfamilies. However, the presence of urticating hair probably disrupted this pattern in some clades by increasing the net diversification rates, not by increasing the speciation rate but by reducing the extinction rate.

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The tangled biogeographic history of tarantulas: An African centre of origin rules out the centrifugal model of speciation

Abstract: The centre of origin is the geographical region where a particular group of organisms are thought to have first appeared (Hull

Cited by 4 publications

References 74 publications

Independent origins or single dispersal? Phylogenetic study supports early Cenozoic origin of three endemic Indo‐Sri Lankan Lygosomine skink genera

Independent origins or single dispersal? Phylogenetic study supports early Cenozoic origin of three endemic Indo‐Sri Lankan Lygosomine skink genera

Jambu, a new genus of tarantula from Brazil (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae)

All about being old and shooting hairs: clade age and urticating hair explain the patterns of diversification in tarantulas

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