The tadpoles of two species of the Bokermannohyla circumdata group (Hylidae, Cophomantini)

Abstract

We describe the external morphology and oral cavity of the tadpoles of Bokermannohyla caramaschii and B. diamantina respectively from the states of Espírito Santo and Bahia, Brazil. Larvae of both species are distinguished from each other by external characters such as body shape, labial tooth-row formula, number of marginal papillae, coloration and internal oral anatomy features. Some of the character states of the tadpoles of B. caramaschii and B. diamantina that are shared with all other described tadpoles of the Bokermannohyla circumdata group, such as the absence/reduction of small flaps with accessory labial teeth laterally in the oral disc, and the absence/reduction of submarginal papillae, may represent morphological synapomorphies of this species group, or at least of some internal clade. The general pattern of brownish coloration with longitudinal stripes on the caudal muscle is also common to most species of the group. We did not find character states of the oral cavity that are exclusively shared by species of the B. circumdata group, or by other groups of Bokermannohyla.

Larval chondrocranial and internal oral morphology of the neotropical treefrog Boana crepitans (Wied‐Neuwied, 1824; Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae)

“…Oral cavity in Boana crepitans is similar to other species of Boana as well as other Cophomantinae (Spirandeli‐Cruz & Gomes, 1991; D'Heursel & de Sá, 1999; Both et al, 2007; D'Heursel & Haddad, 2007; Vera Candioti, 2007; Kolenc et al, 2008; Nascimento et al, 2009; Mongin & Carvalho‐e‐Silva, 2013; Magalhães et al, 2015; Pezzuti et al, 2015; this work). Boana crepitans lacks unique features in the oral cavity that would allow its distinction from other congeneric species.…”

“…Most Boana species have papillae with short projections (i.e., B. albopunctata , B. albomarginata , B. cinerascens , B. crepitans , B. faber , B. geographica , B. joaquini , B. lundii , B. rufitela , B. riojana , and B. semilineata . Whereas Boana caingua , B. prasina , Aplastodiscus and Bokermannohyla species have digitiform projections (Wassersug, 1980; Spirandeli‐Cruz & Gomes, 1991; D'Heursel & de Sá, 1999; Both et al, 2007; D'Heursel & Haddad, 2007; Vera Candioti, 2007; Kolenc et al, 2008; Nascimento et al, 2009; Mongin & Carvalho‐e‐Silva, 2013; Magalhães et al, 2015; Pezzuti et al, 2015; this work).…”

The Tadpole ofBokermannohyla flavopictaLeite, Pezzuti and Garcia, 2012 and Oral Cavity Anatomy of the Tadpole ofB. oxenteLugli and Haddad, 2006 (Anura: Hylidae)

“…Although B. flavopicta occurs sympatrically with B. oxente, their tadpoles were not collected in syntopy and are easily distinguished from each other (see below). Additionally, B. diamantina is also restricted to the southwestern region of Chapada Diamantina but the lower number of tooth rows [LTRF 2(2)/3(1)] and presence of fleshy projections on the nostril margins promptly distinguishes B. diamantina tadpoles from those of B. flavopicta (see Pezzuti et al, 2015).…”

“…been proposed as putative synapomorphies for species included in the B. pseudopseudis group (e.g., anteroposterior row of papillae in the prenarial arena) as well as for Cophomantini tribe (e.g., the presence of narial vacuities), although the homology of these characters has not yet been rigorously tested (d 'Heursel and Haddad, 2007;Kolenc et al, 2008). Although the larvae of most species of Bokermannohyla have been described (24 of 32 species, 75%), OCA descriptions are unavailable for most species (8 of 32 species, 25%; Provete et al, 2012;Pezzuti et al, 2015). Tadpole external morphology has been described for six species of the B. pseudopseudis group: B. alvarengai, B. ibitiguara, B. itapoty, B. oxente, B. pseudopseudis and B. saxicola (Eterovick and Brandão, 2001;Lugli and Haddad, 2006a, b, and references therein), but the OCA has only been reported for B.…”

Chondrocranium and internal oral morphology of the tadpole of Corythomantis greeningi (Anura: Hylidae)

“…Osteopilus septentrionalis lacks pustules and lateral roof papillae (Lannoo et al 1987). Some Cophomantinae have lateral roof papillae (D 'Heursel and Haddad 2007, Mongin and Carvalho-e-Silva 2013, Magalhães et al 2015b, Pezzuti et al 2015.…”