The systemic toxicity of heavy metal mixtures in rats

Kenston, Samuel Selorm Fiati; Su, Hong; Zhou, Li; Kong, Lu; Song, Xin; Gu, Yuanliang; Barber, Tabatha; Aldinger, Joni; Hua, Qihang; Li, Zhen; Ding, Min; Zhao, Jinshun; Lin, Xiaohui

doi:10.1039/c7tx00260b

Cited by 58 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Recent rat intraperitoneal toxicity studies and mathematical modeling of binary and/or ternary combinations of manganese, chromium (VI) and nickel demonstrated additivity and/or subadditivity of combined subchronic toxicity effects [240,241]; these effects were influenced by dose, effect level, and type of effect assessed. In another study, with oral gavage administration of soluble forms of zinc, copper, manganese, chromium, cadmium, lead, mercury and nickel to rats, systemic toxicity, mortality and effects on neurobehavioral function were observed dose-dependently at the two highest mixture exposure levels of 464 and 1000 mg/kg bw [242]. Here, the interactions (such as antagonism, synergism, additivity) were not accounted for.…”

Section: Mixturesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Concise Review of Nickel Human Health Toxicology and Ecotoxicology

Buxton¹,

Garman²,

Heim³

et al. 2019

Inorganics

151

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Nickel (Ni) metal and Ni compounds are widely used in applications like stainless steel, alloys, and batteries. Nickel is a naturally occurring element in water, soil, air, and living organisms, and is essential to microorganisms and plants. Thus, human and environmental nickel exposures are ubiquitous. Production and use of nickel and its compounds can, however, result in additional exposures to humans and the environment. Notable human health toxicity effects identified from human and/or animal studies include respiratory cancer, non-cancer toxicity effects following inhalation, dermatitis, and reproductive effects. These effects have thresholds, with indirect genotoxic and epigenetic events underlying the threshold mode of action for nickel carcinogenicity. Differences in human toxicity potencies/potentials of different nickel chemical forms are correlated with the bioavailability of the Ni2+ ion at target sites. Likewise, Ni2+ has been demonstrated to be the toxic chemical species in the environment, and models have been developed that account for the influence of abiotic factors on the bioavailability and toxicity of Ni2+ in different habitats. Emerging issues regarding the toxicity of nickel nanoforms and metal mixtures are briefly discussed. This review is unique in its covering of both human and environmental nickel toxicity data.

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Section: Mixturesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Concise Review of Nickel Human Health Toxicology and Ecotoxicology

Buxton¹,

Garman²,

Heim³

et al. 2019

Inorganics

151

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“…Outside the central nervous system, Mn exposure is understood to be a carcinogen and has been implicated in multiple forms of cancer [136][137][138][139]. In prostate cancer cells, it was found that an upregulation of miR17* following Mn exposure yielded a protective effect in PC-3 cells, significantly reducing the tumorigenicity of the cell line [39].…”

Section: Manganese-associated Changes In Mirna Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic-Metal-Induced Alteration in miRNA Expression Profile as a Proposed Mechanism for Disease Development

Wallace

Taalab

Heinze

et al. 2020

Cells

106

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Toxic metals are extensively found in the environment, households, and workplaces and contaminate food and drinking water. The crosstalk between environmental exposure to toxic metals and human diseases has been frequently described. The toxic mechanism of action was classically viewed as the ability to dysregulate the redox status, production of inflammatory mediators and alteration of mitochondrial function. Recently, growing evidence showed that heavy metals might exert their toxicity through microRNAs (miRNA)-short, single-stranded, noncoding molecules that function as positive/negative regulators of gene expression. Aberrant alteration of the endogenous miRNA has been directly implicated in various pathophysiological conditions and signaling pathways, consequently leading to different types of cancer and human diseases. Additionally, the gene-regulatory capacity of miRNAs is particularly valuable in the brain-a complex organ with neurons demonstrating a significant ability to adapt following environmental stimuli. Accordingly, dysregulated miRNAs identified in patients suffering from neurological diseases might serve as biomarkers for the earlier diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression. This review will greatly emphasize the effect of the toxic metals on human miRNA activities and how this contributes to progression of diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs).

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“…There are reports 31,32 of decreased renal function, hepatic injuries and disturbance in the electrolyte balance of rats treated with a high dose of heavy metal mixture. The present work demonstrates a significant increase in relative weights of the spleen, and immune system-related organ.…”

Section: Fig 5: Changes In the Relative Spleen Weight (G / 100 G Bodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2020

IJPSR

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Being exposed to a number of heavy metals in the environment, humans are suffering from various health problems. Cadmium and arsenic are both priority hazardous substances and carcinogens. Environmental co-exposure to these heavy metals is also an important consideration and most experiments with laboratory animals investigate only one heavy metal. In the present study albino rats were exposed to both the heavy metals alone and in combination in 5 groups and the 6 th group was of control. Animals were treated for 30 days and 60 days with the lower doses of NaAsO 2 (4.3 mg/ks b. wt.) in group B and CdCl 2 (2.6 mg/kg b. wt.) in group D and higher dose of NaAsO 2 (8.6 mg/ks b. wt.) in group C and CdCl 2 (5.2 mg/kg b. wt.) in group E. A combination dose of CdCl 2 (2.6 mg/kg b. wt.) and NaAsO 2 (4.3 mg/ks b. wt.) was given to another group F of experimental animals. In 30 days, intoxicated animal groups the weights of the kidney, brain and heart increased and a significant increase in liver and spleen occurred both by arsenic and cadmium. Although the high dose of arsenic decreased the relative heart weight but the combination dose showed a significant increase in weight of all the organs. In 60 days treated groups both the heavy metals showed a reduced effect on heart weight, but the increase was observed in the brain, liver and spleen and kidney weight while combination dose showed a significant increase in the relative weight of spleen and liver. Bodyweight gain was reduced in 60 days of treated groups. QUICK RESPONSE CODE

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The systemic toxicity of heavy metal mixtures in rats

Cited by 58 publications

References 17 publications

Concise Review of Nickel Human Health Toxicology and Ecotoxicology

Concise Review of Nickel Human Health Toxicology and Ecotoxicology

Toxic-Metal-Induced Alteration in miRNA Expression Profile as a Proposed Mechanism for Disease Development

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