The Systematic and Biogeographical Relationships of<i>Ceratopetalum</i>(Cunoniaceae) in Australia and New Guinea

Rozefelds, Andrew C.; Barnes, Richard W.

doi:10.1086/339716

Cited by 14 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Phylogenetic techniques have been used in combination with pollen databases to locate Pleistocene refugia across North America, Europe and northern Africa (Besnard et al, 2002;Griswold and Baker, 2002;Petit et al, 2002), as well as in alpine regions (Roy, 1997;Trewick, 2001;Rozefelds and Barners, 2002). Not only are there fewer phylogenetic studies of tropical flora and fauna, but these studies often indicate conflicting accounts of the presence/absence of Pleistocene refugia (Fjeldsa and Lovett, 1997;Schneider and Moritz, 1999;Moritz et al, 2000).…”

Section: Paleoproductivity Proxiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical forest structure: a missing dimension to Pleistocene landscapes

Cowling

2004

J Quaternary Science

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Cowling, S. A. 2004. Tropical forest structure: a missing dimension to Pleistocene landscapes.ABSTRACT: By focusing on the horizontal distribution of Pleistocene vegetation types within tropical landscapes, we may be overlooking an equally important feature of palaeovegetation, namely their vertical structure. Tropical forest structure is a critical factor contributing to canopy microclimatology and thus plays a role in defining canopy habitats and species population dynamics. Because of this tight relationship between forest structure and canopy microclimate, flora and fauna with narrow canopy niches may have responded to glacial reductions in forest canopy density in the same manner as if the tropical forest were completely replaced by grassland. This alternative interpretation of palaeo-forest response to past climate change holds significance for the application of the Pleistocene refugia hypothesis in explaining various biogeographical trends. The role of forest structure in influencing hydrological cycling and the exchange of carbon between the biosphere and atmosphere are highlighted to illustrate how palaeoprecipitation and palaeoproductivity proxy data may be misinterpreted when forest structure is not explicitly considered. This is accomplished through theoretical scenarios using hydrological mass balance equations and simulations using a soil-plant-atmosphere landscape model. Available methodologies to reconstruct tropical palaeovegetation structure are identified, including the use of fully coupled earth system models.

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Section: Paleoproductivity Proxiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical forest structure: a missing dimension to Pleistocene landscapes

Cowling

2004

J Quaternary Science

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“…The genus Ceratopetalum includes eight species found in eastern Australia, New Guinea, New Britain and several other small islands in the same region ( Fig. 1 ; Hoogland, 1960 ; Fortune Hopkins and Hoogland, 2002 ; Rozefelds and Barnes, 2002 ). It is a member of the Cunoniaceae, a primarily southern hemispheric family that comprises about 27 genera, some of which are placed into six formally recognized tribes, with seven additional genera currently not included in a tribe ( Bradford and Barnes, 2001 ; Bradford et al , 2004 ; Sweeney et al , 2004 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceratopetalum(Cunoniaceae) fruits of Australasian affinity from the early Eocene Laguna del Hunco flora, Patagonia, Argentina

Gandolfo

Hermsen

2017

Ann Bot

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Background and AimsRadially symmetrical, five-winged fossil fruits from the highly diverse early Eocene Laguna del Hunco flora of Chubut Province, Patagonia, Argentina, are named, described and illustrated. The main goals are to assess the affinities of the fossils and to place them in an evolutionary, palaeoecological and biogeographic context.MethodsSpecimens of fossil fruits were collected from the Tufolitas Laguna del Hunco. They were prepared, photographed and compared with similar extant and fossil fruits using published literature. Their structure was also evaluated by comparing them with that of modern Ceratopetalum (Cunoniaceae) fruits through examination of herbarium specimens.Key ResultsThe Laguna del Hunco fossil fruits share the diagnostic features that characterize modern and fossil Ceratopetalum (symmetry, number of fruit wings, presence of a conspicuous floral nectary and overall venation pattern). The pattern of the minor wing (sepal) veins observed in the Patagonian fossil fruits is different from that of modern and previously described fossil Ceratopetalum fruits; therefore, a new fossil species is recognized. An apomorphy (absence of petals) suggests that the fossils belong within crown-group Ceratopetalum.ConclusionsThe Patagonian fossil fruits are the oldest known record for Ceratopetalum. Because the affinities, provenance and age of the fossils are so well established, this new Ceratopetalum fossil species is an excellent candidate for use as a calibration point in divergence dating studies of the family Cunoniaceae. It represents the only record of Ceratopetalum outside Australasia, and further corroborates the biogeographic connection between the Laguna del Hunco flora and ancient and modern floras of the Australasian region.

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“…1-4, 4 insert), the connection between lateral veins of adjacent sepals (Fig. 2, arrowhead), the lack of petals (only C. gummiferum has petals), the diplostemonous androecium (in T. pikei), the short stamens with dorsally inserted filaments ( ROZEFELDS & BARNES 2002, fig. 5), the anthers with a conspicuous connective protrusion (ROZEFELDS & BARNES 2002: 656, fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%