The system of monitoring and controlling natural radiation hazards in Polish coal mines

Wysocka, M.; Skubacz, Krystian; Michalik, B.; Chałupnik, Stanisław; Skowronek, J.; Bonczyk, Michał; Chmielewska, Izabela; Samolej, Krzysztof

doi:10.1504/ijmme.2021.119216

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In this tier, mining activities dealing with raw materials containing enhanced activity concentration of NOR should be considered first. However, independently of the natural materials mined, all mining activities should be the subject of analysis due to the radiation risk-favourable circumstances that may be created by this type of activity (IAEA, 2002;Wysocka et al, 2021;Skubacz et al, 2019;Skubacz et al, 2011;Santos et al, 2015). Based on national registries, an inventory of active and former mines, including other underground workplaces, should be made in this tier.…”

Section: Tier II -Inventory Of Ongoing/former Mining Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the main source of exposure is radon, especially radon progeny without regard to excavated material besides that for uranium ore (Kavasi et al, 2011;Skubacz et al, 2019). Typical exposure pathways include inhalation of radionuclides, external gamma radiation and radionuclide ingestion, which depend, in this case, on mined minerals and local hydrogeological situation, such as the presence of radium enhanced formation water (Ashraf et al, 2004;Wysocka et al, 2021).…”

Section: Tier II -Inventory Of Ongoing/former Mining Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Methodology for the Systematic Identification of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (Norm)

Michalik,

Dvorzhak,

Pereira

et al. 2023

SSRN Journal

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Section: Tier II -Inventory Of Ongoing/former Mining Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tier II -Inventory Of Ongoing/former Mining Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Methodology for the Systematic Identification of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (Norm)

Michalik,

Dvorzhak,

Pereira

et al. 2023

SSRN Journal

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“…Further studies conducted in later years on the phenomenon of natural radioactivity in coal mines helped identify additional sources of natural ionising radiation in these mines. It turned out that the primary sources of natural ionising radiation in mines are waters containing radium isotopes, precipitates from these waters, and short-lived radon decay products [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. These problems are not only the domain of Polish coal mines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Dose Conversions, Equilibrium Factors, and Unattached Fractions on Radon Risk Assessment in Operating and Show Underground Mines

Skubacz

Wołoszczuk

Grygier

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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This paper compares the results of measurements taken in the underground workings of active and tourist mines. In these facilities, the aerosol size distributions of ambient aerosols at key workplaces and the distributions of radioactive aerosols containing radon decay products were determined. Based on these studies, dose conversions used for dose assessment and unattached fractions were determined. In addition, radon activity concentrations and potential alpha energy concentrations of short-lived progeny were also measured in the mines to determine the equilibrium factor. The dose conversions varied between 2–7 mSv/(mJ × h × m−3). The unattached fraction measured in active coal mines ranged from 0.01–0.23, in tourist mines from 0.09–0.44, and in the tourist cave it was 0.43. The results showed significant discrepancies between the effective doses determined from current recommendations and legal regulations and those determined from direct measurements of parameters affecting exposure.

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“…For this reason, it is much better to use active devices with a filtration system to directly measure the potential alpha energy concentration (PAEC), which can then be used to evaluate the appropriate dose directly. Such a solution is often recommended for underground mines with forced ventilation, where equilibrium factors can change significantly [ 7 , 8 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling: Activity Concentration of Radon, Thoron, and Their Decay Products in Closed Systems

Skubacz

Michalik²

2022

IJERPH

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The article presents a model for simulating changes in the activity concentration of radon and thoron as well as their progeny in closed or poorly ventilated systems. A system can be considered closed when a stream of radon and thoron flows into a space, but nothing comes out. It was also assumed that there may be devices or installations with a filtering system that would reduce the concentration of radon and thoron decay products. These assumptions may, therefore, correspond to a situation in which, in an isolated chamber, the calibration of radon hazard-monitoring devices is carried out, and nuclides are supplied from an emanation or flow through sources or well-isolated spaces in an environment where the source of nuclides is, for example, radon and thoron exhalation. The differential equations were formulated on the basis of the assumption that the activity concentration of radionuclides of concern in the space is uniform. The equations do not consider possible losses due to diffusion or the inertial or gravitational deposition of aerosols. If these phenomena have a limited impact on changes in the activity concentration of nuclides, the solutions provided may be used to simulate the activity concentration of radon and thoron and their decay products in any confined space assuming different boundary conditions.

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The system of monitoring and controlling natural radiation hazards in Polish coal mines

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

A Methodology for the Systematic Identification of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (Norm)

A Methodology for the Systematic Identification of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (Norm)

Influence of Dose Conversions, Equilibrium Factors, and Unattached Fractions on Radon Risk Assessment in Operating and Show Underground Mines

Modeling: Activity Concentration of Radon, Thoron, and Their Decay Products in Closed Systems

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