“…The antimicrobial activity of CuWO 4 depends on several factors, including its degree of agglomeration, molecular weight, nutrient composition, host, natural nutrient constituency, solvent, target microorganism, and physicochemical properties, and is inversely affected by pH. 15,39 Besides the limited application study of CuWO 4 on antimicrobial effects, CuWO 4 has been utilized to photodegrade hazardous organic and inorganic pollutants, demonstrating excellent activity towards the degradation of ciprofloxacin, 40 MO, 41 MB, 42 tetracycline antibiotic, 43 and terephthalic acid, 44 among other pollutants. Other applications of CuWO 4 included photocatalytic water reduction for H 2 generation and photoelectrochemical water splitting.…”