The synthesis of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs)

Abstract

Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIMs) are a class of Porous Organic Polymer (POP) that form microporous solids due to the inefficient packing of their rigid and contorted macromolecular chains. In contrast to other types of POP, PIMs are not comprised of a network of cross-linked covalent bonds so that they can be dissolved in organic solvents and processed into robust films, coatings or fibres. Here, over twelve years accumulated research on the synthesis of PIMs is reviewed. To date, three types of polymerisation reaction have been used successfully to prepare PIMs of sufficient molecular mass to form robust self-standing films. These involve the formation of (i) dibenzodioxin, (ii) Tröger's base and (iii) imide linkages between monomeric units. This rapid development of synthetic methods for preparing PIMs has been driven by their rich potential for numerous diverse applications and this synergistic relationship between synthesis and functionality is set to continue.

Accessible microwave synthetized conjugated poly(azomethine‐pyridine) network and its metal complexes for CO2conversion

“…Although most of the linear polymers have enough flexibility to display an effective packing and do not exhibit porosity, PAM‐Py has a contorted conformation and high crosslinking degree which probably difficult the packing which remember to the polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs). These polymers are formed by rigid and contorted monomers that inhibits the polymer backbone rotation, avoid conformations changes and therefore efficient packing . Thus, we decide to explore the porosity of this polymer using nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms at 77 K. As shown in Figure and according to the IUPAC classification, PAM‐Py exhibits a combination of type‐I and II nitrogen sorption isotherms with a rapid nitrogen gas uptake at low relative pressure (0–0.1 bar).…”

Light Hydrocarbon Separations Using Porous Organic Framework Materials

“…POFs with unique structures have been synthesized through diversep olymerization reactions and buildingu nits, thus affording ordered POF materials, such as covalent organic frameworks (COFs), [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] and porouso rganic cages (POCs), [32][33] as well as amorphous POF materials including conjugated microporousp olymers (CMPs), [34][35][36][37][38][39] hyper-cross-linked polymers (HCPs), [40,41] covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs), [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs), [50][51][52] and porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs). [53][54][55][56][57][58][59] These POF materials have shown great potentiali ng as storage, catalysis, contaminant removal, energy storage and conversion, molecular separation, and other applications.…”

Triphasic Nature of Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity Induces Storage and Catalysis Effects in Hydrogen and Oxygen Reactivity at Electrode Surfaces

“…PIMs have been developed as a novel class of highly molecularly rigid polymer systems with good solubility and therefore also good processability. [11,12] PIM-1 and PIM-PY (see Figure 1) both exhibit nitrogen adsorption isotherm or BET surface areas of~750 m 2 g À1 were first synthesised by Budd et al [13] and by Kricheldorf et al, [14] respectively. These and related intrinsically microporous polymers have been proposed for a range of interesting applications including gas separation, [15] gas storage, [16] hydrogen storage, [17] sensing of gases, [18] reagent-less electrochemiluminescence, [19] and in electrochemical redox flow cell membranes with high selectivity.…”