The synthesis of nano silver-graphene oxide system and its efficacy against endodontic biofilms using a novel tooth model

Ioannidis, Konstantinos; Niazi, Sadia; Mylonas, Petros; Mannocci, Francesco; Deb, Sanjukta

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2019.08.105

Cited by 57 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Sodium hypochlorite is regarded as the gold standard for chemical disinfection of root canals in endodontic treatment. 28 However, sodium hypochlorite reduces the elastic modulus and flexural strength of dentine and causes toxic damage to the periapical tissues. A study found that root canal irrigation with silver nanoparticle solution did not significantly affect the mechanical properties of dentine.…”

Section: Endodontic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>The Antibacterial Mechanism of Silver Nanoparticles and Its Application in Dentistry</p>

Yin¹,

Zhang²,

Zhao³

et al. 2020

IJN

1,096

681

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Nanotechnology has recently emerged as a rapidly growing field with numerous biomedical science applications. At the same time, silver has been adopted as an antimicrobial material and disinfectant that is relatively free of adverse effects. Silver nanoparticles possess a broad spectrum of antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties. Silver nanoparticles have the ability to penetrate bacterial cell walls, changing the structure of cell membranes and even resulting in cell death. Their efficacy is due not only to their nanoscale size but also to their large ratio of surface area to volume. They can increase the permeability of cell membranes, produce reactive oxygen species, and interrupt replication of deoxyribonucleic acid by releasing silver ions. Researchers have studied silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents in dentistry. For instance, silver nanoparticles can be incorporated into acrylic resins for fabrication of removable dentures in prosthetic treatment, composite resin in restorative treatment, irrigating solution and obturation material in endodontic treatment, adhesive materials in orthodontic treatment, membrane for guided tissue regeneration in periodontal treatment, and titanium coating in dental implant treatment. Although not all authorities have acknowledged the safety of silver nanoparticles, no systemic toxicity of ingested silver nanoparticles has been reported. A broad concern is their potential hazard if they are released into the environment. However, the interaction of nanoparticles with toxic materials and organic compounds can either increase or reduce their toxicity. This paper provides an overview of the antibacterial use of silver nanoparticles in dentistry, highlighting their antibacterial mechanism, potential applications and safety in clinical treatment.

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Section: Endodontic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>The Antibacterial Mechanism of Silver Nanoparticles and Its Application in Dentistry</p>

Yin¹,

Zhang²,

Zhao³

et al. 2020

IJN

1,096

681

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nano-antibacterial agents have been proposed as a choose for intracanal disinfections because they can disrupt bacterial biofilm and prevent bacterial adhesion to dentin [13][14][15]. As compared with antibiotics, microorganisms are unlikely to develop resistance against nanoparticles [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antibacterial properties and mechanism of nanosilver and nanozinc incorporated mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles

Leng¹,

Li²,

Zhu³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Silver (Ag) and/or zinc (Zn) incorporated mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles (MCSNs) have good physicochemical characteristics and can be advanced materials for root canal filling. This study was to analyze the antibacterial properties and mechanism of Ag/Zn-MCSNs with different percentage of Ag and Zn.Methods: The antibacterial properties and the cytotoxicity of them were evaluated. Human root canals were inoculated with E. faecalis for 4 weeks to establish bacterial biofilm model. The E. faecalis biofilms were treated with MCSNs, Ag-MCSNs, Zn-MCSNs, Ag/Zn-MCSNs, calcium hydroxide (CH) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) for 7 days. The ultrastructure and distribution of viable bacteria of the specimens were evaluated using SEM and CLSM. Human root canals were pretreated with CH, MCSNs, Ag-MCSNs, Zn-MCSNs and Ag/Zn-MCSNs, then the root canals were immersed in E. faecalis suspension for 7 days. The adhesion and colonization of E. faecalis on the root canal walls were observed using SEM and CLSM. Endocytosis of E. Faecalis treated by Ag-MCSNs and Ag/Zn-MCSNs were observed using TEM. Results: The MCSNs containing Ag showed better antibacterial properties than MCSNs and Zn-MCSNs (P<0.05). MCSNs, Ag/Zn(1:1)-MCSNs and Ag/Zn(1:9)-MCSNs showed no obvious cytotoxicity (P>0.05), while Ag-MCSNs and Ag/Zn(9:1)-MCSNs showed cytostatic effects. Zn-MCSNs slightly promote cell proliferation (P<0.05). The MCSNs containing Ag showed antibacterial abilities against E. faecalis biofilm in different degree, and can adhere to dentin surfaces to get a continuous antibacterial effect, but MTA, MCSNs and Zn-MCSNs could not disrupt the bacterial biofilm obviously. The Ag-MCSNs and Ag/Zn-MCSNs release Ag+ and destroy the cell membranes to kill bacteria. Conclusions: The antibacterial effects and cytotoxicity of Ag/Zn-MCSNs are related to Ag content, while Zn reduce cytotoxicity and promote cell proliferation.

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“…This effect is related to the physical damages in bacterial membranes that graphene can cause with its sharp edges and the destructive extraction of lipid molecules [ 86 , 87 ]. It can also be improved by the functionalization of the graphene layer with other antimicrobial agents, such as silver nanoparticles [ 88 , 89 , 90 ]. The functionalization can be used, in addition to the antibacterial applications, for the delivery of many drugs.…”

Section: Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterials in Dentistry: State of the Art and Future Challenges

2020

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Nanomaterials are commonly considered as those materials in which the shape and molecular composition at a nanometer scale can be controlled. Subsequently, they present extraordinary properties that are being useful for the development of new and improved applications in many fields, including medicine. In dentistry, several research efforts are being conducted, especially during the last decade, for the improvement of the properties of materials used in dentistry. The objective of the present article is to offer the audience a complete and comprehensive review of the main applications that have been developed in dentistry, by the use of these materials, during the last two decades. It was shown how these materials are improving the treatments in mainly all the important areas of dentistry, such as endodontics, periodontics, implants, tissue engineering and restorative dentistry. The scope of the present review is, subsequently, to revise the main applications regarding nano-shaped materials in dentistry, including nanorods, nanofibers, nanotubes, nanospheres/nanoparticles, and zeolites and other orders porous materials. The results of the bibliographic analysis show that the most explored nanomaterials in dentistry are graphene and carbon nanotubes, and their derivatives. A detailed analysis and a comparative study of their applications show that, although they are quite similar, graphene-based materials seem to be more promising for most of the applications of interest in dentistry. The bibliographic study also demonstrated the potential of zeolite-based materials, although the low number of studies on their applications shows that they have not been totally explored, as well as other porous nanomaterials that have found important applications in medicine, such as metal organic frameworks, have not been explored. Subsequently, it is expected that the research effort will concentrate on graphene and zeolite-based materials in the coming years. Thus, the present review paper presents a detailed bibliographic study, with more than 200 references, in order to briefly describe the main achievements that have been described in dentistry using nanomaterials, compare and analyze them in a critical way, with the aim of predicting the future challenges.

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The synthesis of nano silver-graphene oxide system and its efficacy against endodontic biofilms using a novel tooth model

Cited by 57 publications

References 64 publications

<p>The Antibacterial Mechanism of Silver Nanoparticles and Its Application in Dentistry</p>

<p>The Antibacterial Mechanism of Silver Nanoparticles and Its Application in Dentistry</p>

The antibacterial properties and mechanism of nanosilver and nanozinc incorporated mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles

Nanomaterials in Dentistry: State of the Art and Future Challenges

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