“…There are several techniques used for NNs favourable performance for training ANN such as evolutionary algorithms (EA), Multi-objective hybrid evolutionary algorithms (Qasem, Shamsuddin, & Zain, 2012;Tallón-Ballesteros & Hervás-Martínez, 2011), Genetic algorithms (GA) (Blanco, Delgado, & Pegalajar, 2001;García-Pedrajas, Ortiz-Boyer, & Hervás-Martínez, 2006;Geretti & Abramo, 2011), Particle swarm optimization (PSO) (Al-Shareef & Abbod, 2010;Hong-Bo, Yi-Yuan, Jun, & Ye, 2004;Hongwen & Rui, 2006), deferential evolution (DE) (Slowik & Bialko, 2008;Subudhi & Jena, 2011), an colony optimization (ACO) (Ashena & Moghadasi, 2011;Blum & Socha, 2005), BP d improved BP algorithm (Nawi, Ransing, & Ransing, 2006;Yan, Zhongjun, & Jiayu, 2010). These techniques are used for initialization of optimum weights, parameters, activation function, and selection of a proper network structure.…”