The synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of quaternized poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)s modified with ammonium and phosphonium salts

Antimicrobial cationic polymers: from structural design to functional control

“…Cationic groups are the ones that facilitate the adsorption of antimicrobial cationic polymers to the surface of microbial membranes. There are several choices that bear the cationic centers, including ammonium ions, [14][15][16][17] sulfonium ions, 18 phosphonium ions 19,20 and so forth. This section mainly focuses on ammonium-based and iminium-based cationic groups because of their simple syntheses and broad usages.…”

Design, synthesis of novel starch derivative bearing 1,2,3-triazolium and pyridinium and evaluation of its antifungal activity

“…As kinds of important quaternary ammonium salts, 1,2,3-triazolium and pyridinium groups possessed all the advantages of quaternary ammonium salts, such as strong antimicrobial activity (Guo et al, 2007a). The disruptive effect of them on the microorganism was probably based on the adsorption of the amphiphile molecules on the outer cellular membranes (Chang, Yang, & Liang, 2010). The positively charged moiety of the cationic molecules interacted with the negative charged components on fungal cell walls or cytomembranes, such as glucan, mannan, proteins, and lipids (Guo et al, 2007b).…”

Preparation and characterization of nanocomposites with polyphenylene oxide

“…A new class of polymers consisting of PPO was also synthesized by selective αbromination of PPO (BPPO) followed by quaternization reactions with various tertiary amines or phosphines (Chang et al, 2010). The synthesis route in Figure 9.3 shows that the brominated PPO (PPO-Br) could serve as a macroinitiator for atom transfer radical polymerization using the benzylbromide groups as initiating sites (Cong et al, 2007a).…”