The syndrome of acute encephalitis in children in India: Need for new thinking

John, T. Jacob; Verghese, Valsan Philip; Arunkumar, Govindakarnavar; Gupta, Nivedita; Swaminathan, Soumya

doi:10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1497_16

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Encephalitis is characterized by an acute onset of fever and encephalopathy (altered sensorium ranging from irritability to coma) with/without seizures or other neurologic signs due to CNS inflammation. 2 Encephalopathy on the other hand is a noninflammatory, often biochemical; hence, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shows no pleocytosis. 2…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Encephalopathy on the other hand is a noninflammatory, often biochemical; hence, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shows no pleocytosis. 2…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Viruses have been mainly attributed to be the cause of AES in India though other microbes and toxins have been reported over the past few decades. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Noninfective causes of acute encephalitic presentation are increasingly being recognized worldwide. 8 Various infective and noninfective etiologies of AES have been tabulated in Table 1.…”

Section: Causes /Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Acute Encephalitis Syndrome: Approach to a Changing Paradigm

Banerjee¹,

Muhammed²,

Acharya³

2019

Pediatric Infectious Disease

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Purpose: Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) poses challenges to physicians owing to acute presentation, often rapid neurologic deterioration, myriad causes including noninfective inflammatory disorders of central nervous system (CNS) and low microbiologic yield. We broadly discuss common and less common causes of AES and their clinical, laboratory including radiologic features as specific diagnosis guides management and improves outcome. Materials and methods: Literature search was performed using keywords "Paediatric acute encephalitis" in MEDLINE database from 2009 to 2019 and all relevant articles (barring case reports) in English language were reviewed. Landmark articles prior to 2009 were also reviewed. Conclusion:Acute encephalitis remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in neurocritical care. The recognition of etiological agent and encephalitis mimics by investigations is important for specific therapeutic measures. Judicious use of neuroimaging, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and appropriate lab tests helps in diagnosing specific entities especially noninfective mimics of AES which has important treatment and prognostic implication. Initial stabilization and institution of supportive measures remains key to successful management.

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Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Encephalopathy on the other hand is a noninflammatory, often biochemical; hence, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shows no pleocytosis. 2…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%