The Syndrome of Acute Central Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

Schneider, Richard C.; Cherry, Glenn; Pantek, Henry

doi:10.3171/jns.1954.11.6.0546

Cited by 518 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This argument is based upon the premise that axons within the corticospinal tract are not arranged in a laminar pattern within the lateral tracts, but are instead randomly dispersed throughout the ventrolateral cord. While such an argument is not consistent with the original report of 'central cord syndrome' by Schneider et al, 41 it is supported by other studies in humans. [42][43][44][45] …”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Abductor hallucis for monitoring lower-limb recovery after spinal cord injury in man

2004

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Study design: Electromyogram (EMG) study on patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI). Objectives: We hypothesized that subjects with mild to moderate acute SCI would have a higher probability of recovering function in intrinsic muscles of the foot compared to more proximal lower-limb muscles, based on the relative density of corticospinal tract innervation to these different motoneuron pools. Setting: Miami and Syracuse, USA. Methods: We conducted repeated measures of EMG during voluntary contractions from lower-limb muscles in subjects with acute traumatic SCI. For this study, analysis was restricted to those subjects who had either no recruitment (ie 'motor-complete') or limited recruitment (ie 'motor-incomplete') in any lower-limb muscle of either leg during the initial evaluation, and all of whom had converted to a motor-incomplete status in one or both legs at the time of final evaluation. Recruitment of the abductor hallucis (AbH) muscle during contraction attempts was judged as being either 'present' or 'absent', based upon the presence or absence of EMG-based volitional motor unit recruitment. Results: A total of 70 subjects were included in this study. Of these, 58 had motor-incomplete injury at or rostral to the T10 vertebral level, and another 12 had injury caudal to T10. In the former group, the AbH muscle showed a recovery probability that was considerably higher than that of other lower-limb muscles. Quite the opposite pattern was seen in persons with injury caudal to T10. In these subjects, recruitment was more common in proximal muscles of the thigh (psoas and quadriceps), and least common in the AbH muscle. Discussion: For persons with SCI at or rostral to the T10 vertebral level, the AbH muscle proved to be an earlier and more sensitive indicator of lower-limb contraction recovery following acute SCI compared to other lower-limb muscles. Including this intrinsic muscle of the foot as part of a neurologic assessment of muscle function after SCI should increase the test's sensitivity to preserved (or restored) supraspinal motor influence over lower-limb motoneuron pools, and is recommended.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Abductor hallucis for monitoring lower-limb recovery after spinal cord injury in man

2004

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“…In this group a clinical pattern of motor loss of a variable degree, either in the upper extremities only or in all four limbs associated with patchy sensory loss, was present. This conforms with the syndrome of 'central cord injury' described by Schneider et al (1958). In Marar's series this pattern was found only in association with hyperextension injuries and unilateral facet dislocation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Is the pattern of neurological damage of diagnostic value in the radiological assessment of acute cervical spine injury?

Scher¹

1981

Spinal Cord

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“…1 This type of injury has been increasing as the elderly population is dramatically increasing in Japan. Hyperextension force causes a pinching effect to the cervical spinal cord.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcome of decompression surgery for cervical spinal cord injury without bone and disc injury in patients with spinal cord compression: a multicenter prospective study

et al. 2010

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Study design: A multicenter prospective study comparing the neurological outcome of patients treated by surgical intervention versus conservative treatment for cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) without bone and disc injury. Objective: To evaluate the neurological outcome of decompression surgery for CSCI without bone and disc injury in patients with spinal cord compression with incomplete paralysis (AIS B, C). Setting: The Japan LHWO Spinal Injuries Center and the other 10 labor accident hospitals in Japan. Methods: Thirty-four patients with AIS B, C and cervical spinal cord compression were classified into either a surgical treatment group or a conservative treatment group. The 34 patients enrolled were equally divided between the groups. Patients with AIS B, C and mild spinal compression were enrolled into another group. Results: The neurological outcome of surgical treatment and conservative treatment for AIS B, C with spinal cord compression was found to be closely similar. In addition, the neurological outcome was also similar to that observed after conservative treatment for AIS B, C in patients presenting with mild spinal cord compression. Conclusions: Surgical treatment was not found to be superior to conservative treatment for CSCI patients without bone and disc injury suffering from spinal cord compression in the acute phase.

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The Syndrome of Acute Central Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

Cited by 518 publications

References 19 publications

Abductor hallucis for monitoring lower-limb recovery after spinal cord injury in man

Abductor hallucis for monitoring lower-limb recovery after spinal cord injury in man

Is the pattern of neurological damage of diagnostic value in the radiological assessment of acute cervical spine injury?

Outcome of decompression surgery for cervical spinal cord injury without bone and disc injury in patients with spinal cord compression: a multicenter prospective study

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