The Swiss STAR trial – an evaluation of target groups for sexually transmitted infection screening in the sub-sample of women

Vernazza, Pietro; Rasi, Manuela; Ritzler, Michael; Dost, Ferah; Stoffel, Milena; Aebi‐Popp, Karoline; Hauser, Christoph; Esson, Cate; Lange, Katharina; Risch, Lorenz; Schmidt, Axel J.

doi:10.4414/smw.2020.20393

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Independent risk factors included participation in group sex. 24 Cara et al 25 also found that group sex behaviours among MSM were related to STIs. Ample evidence shows that the use of new drugs can also increase the risk of STIs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium infection with antimicrobial resistance mutations among gay sex workers in China

Wang

Wan

et al. 2023

Int J STD AIDS

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Background Gay sex workers (GSWs) within the population of men who have sex with men in China are known as money boys (MBs). Limited research has been conducted to investigate the infection rate and antimicrobial resistance of Mycoplasma genitalium ( M. genitalium) among GSWs in China. This study aimed to evaluate the status of M. genitalium infection among in GSWs. Methods This study was performed among 349 GSWs who were followed up for four years by internet-based sampling collection. The participants were asked to complete an online questionnaire using a mobile app, and trained interviewers took urethral, anorectal, and saliva swab specimens. STIs, including HIV and M. genitalium, were detected. Detection of resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) to macrolides and fluoroquinolones was performed via Sanger sequencing of the 23S rRNA, parC and gyrA genes. Results GSWs were enrolled by identifying 10 initial “seeds” from the Blued and WeChat apps. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 349 GSWs from June 2017 to July 2021. The prevalence of M. genitalium and HIV positivity was 92/349 (26.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 21.7–31.0) and 71/349 (20.3%, 95% CI 16.3-24.4), respectively. The proportion of GSWs with M. genitalium infection alone in urethral swabs was 16, and the proportion with symptoms was 2/16 (12.5%). The proportion of GSWs with M. genitalium infection alone in anorectal swabs was 36, and the proportion with symptoms was 3/36 (8.3%). Multivariate regression analysis showed that using new types of drugs in the past 3 months and inconsistent condom usage with clients in the past 30 days were associated with M. genitalium infection. Macrolide resistance within the 23S rRNA gene was detected in 73/88 (83.0%) of the M. genitalium-positive GSWs. Moreover, 79.8% (71/89) of parC and 21.1% (19/90) of gyrA genes had mutations responsible for fluoroquinolone resistance. Three cases had no mutations in any of the three genes, 11 cases had mutations in all three genes, five cases had gyrA and parC gene mutations with no mutation in the 23S rRNA gene, and 42 cases had 23S rRNA and parC gene mutations with no mutation in the gyrA gene. Conclusion M. genitalium infections in our study displayed a high prevalence and very high levels of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance among GSWs in China. Asymptomatic M. genitalium infections are quite common among GSWs. Routine resistance testing of M. genitalium-positive specimens and antimicrobial resistance surveillance are crucial.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium infection with antimicrobial resistance mutations among gay sex workers in China

Wang

Wan

et al. 2023

Int J STD AIDS

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“… 15 However, more than 95% of FSW tested for HCV lived in the German‐speaking part of Switzerland, and only two HCV‐RNA‐positive cases were identified. 15 Additionally, the overall population size after 2011, and overlap with other risk groups (including PWUD and OAT participants) are unknown.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 2011 estimate from UNAIDS suggests that there were around 20 000 female sex workers (FSW) in Switzerland 14 and a recent publication suggests an HCV‐RNA prevalence of 0.2% (95% CI: 0.0%‐1.3%) among FSW in 2016/2017 15 . However, more than 95% of FSW tested for HCV lived in the German‐speaking part of Switzerland, and only two HCV‐RNA‐positive cases were identified 15 . Additionally, the overall population size after 2011, and overlap with other risk groups (including PWUD and OAT participants) are unknown.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCV disease burden and population segments in Switzerland

Bihl

Bruggmann

Batänjer³

et al. 2021

Liver International

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Background Switzerland has made strides towards hepatitis C virus elimination, but as of 2019, elimination was not guaranteed. However, political interest in viral hepatitis has been increasing. We sought to develop a better understanding of Switzerland's progress towards HCV elimination and the profile of remaining HCV‐RNA‐positive patients. Methods A previously described Markov model was updated with recent diagnosis and treatment data and run to generate new forecasts for HCV disease burden. Two scenarios were developed to evaluate HCV morbidity and mortality under the status quo and a scenario that achieves the Swiss Hepatitis Strategy Elimination targets. Next, an analysis was conducted to identify population segments bearing a high burden of disease, where future elimination efforts could be directed. Results At the beginning of 2020, an estimated 32 100 viremic infections remained in Switzerland (0.37% viremic prevalence). Adult (≥18 years of age) permanent residents born abroad represented the largest subpopulation, accounting for 56% of HCV infections. Thirteen countries accounted for ≥60% of viremic infections amongst permanent residents born abroad, with most people currently residing in Zurich, Vaud, Geneva, Bern, Aargau and Ticino. Amongst Swiss‐born HCV‐RNA‐positive persons, two‐thirds had a history of IDU, corresponding to 33% of total infections. Conclusions In Switzerland, extra efforts for diagnosis and linkage to care are warranted in foreign‐born populations and people with a history of drug use. Population‐level measures (eg increasing the number of providers, increase screening) can identify patients who may have otherwise fallen through the gaps or avoided care because of stigma.

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“…Several test‐and‐treat activities focused on these persons, including a special campaign in a part of Switzerland where many of them reside 37 . Following HCV treatment 1,4,7,10,11 and age‐ and liver‐associated mortality, 9,10 650–900 viraemic persons likely remain. Other foreign‐born persons (except subpopulation (iv)): Among notified cases 4,5,7 and in the SCCS, 10,11 HCV cases among this group were slightly higher than among the Swiss‐born general population; among groups of foreign‐born persons, hardly any cases of HCV were found 38–40 . Based on data in the SCCS, 10 we calculated the HCV prevalence among this group as increased by 39% in comparison with the prevalence among the general Swiss population (FSO).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic hepatitis C virus infections in Switzerland in 2020: Lower than expected and suggesting achievement of WHO elimination targets

Bertisch

Scheffold

Schmid

et al. 2023

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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In this multi-method study, we investigated the prevalence of chronic infections with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Switzerland in 2020, and assessed Switzerland's progress in eliminating HCV as a public health problem by 2030 with regard to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria targeting infections acquired during the preceding year ('new transmissions') and HCV-associated mortality. Based on a systematic literature review, the reappraisal of a 2015 prevalence analysis assuming 0.5%

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The Swiss STAR trial – an evaluation of target groups for sexually transmitted infection screening in the sub-sample of women

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium infection with antimicrobial resistance mutations among gay sex workers in China

Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium infection with antimicrobial resistance mutations among gay sex workers in China

HCV disease burden and population segments in Switzerland

Chronic hepatitis C virus infections in Switzerland in 2020: Lower than expected and suggesting achievement of WHO elimination targets

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