The Sustainable Care Model for an Ageing Population in Vietnam: Evidence from a Systematic Review

Abstract

Social demographic studies in Vietnam have shown a growing trend of an ageing population. Demographic trends project that one third of the Vietnamese population will be aged 65 years and older by 2050. Vietnam is a country where the majority of the elderly live with their children, with little savings and pension. The purpose of this review was to explore existing literature on models of care for an ageing population and provide evidence to develop a care model that is suitable for the ageing community in Vietnam. A systematic review utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework was carried out. An extensive literature search was performed, with a focus on articles and other materials with relevance to elderly care in Vietnam in terms of socio-economic, demographic, and associated factors based on comprehensive data sources. The review found that there is a lack of evidence of professional practice for caring for the aged in Vietnam. There also is a lack of evidence of government support for the limited community initiatives to support the ageing. There exist no community models of care for the ageing population in Vietnam. From a global perspective, there exist alternative models of care options to support the elderly through various care models, such as living in assisted-care facilities, home care, and other assistance. Inter-professional practice care models and health services were found to be essential for an ageing population. There is limited literature specifically for the care of an ageing population in Vietnam. Most of the available literature on care models for the aged is drawn from developed countries. The review offers insights into the development of care models for the elderly in Vietnam, with the need for inter-professional efforts in practice settings to support the ageing Vietnamese population. The reviewed literature agrees on the developing global challenges due to ageing. Despite the existing literature on care models for the ageing, there is a lack evidence-based care models concerning the current and future needs of elderly care in middle- and lower-income economies like Vietnam. More evidence is required to establish evidence for best care models for the elderly in developing economies.

Frailty nurse and GP-led models of care in care homes: the role of contextual factors impacting Enhanced health in care homes framework implementation

“…With ageing populations globally [ 2 , 5 ], policy makers, commissioners of services and care providers are constantly exploring a range of models in an attempt to enhance care [ 1 , 6 ]. Residential facilities such as care homes or nursing homes are one approach to providing care for older adults who are no longer able to live independently, although the organisation and resourcing of care homes may differ across countries [ 7 – 9 ]. In 2021 figures showed 17,598 care homes (residential and nursing) operating in the UK, with around 490,000 residents [ 10 ].…”

“…In 2021 figures showed 17,598 care homes (residential and nursing) operating in the UK, with around 490,000 residents [ 10 ]. The complexity of health problems occurring in the ageing population globally [ 9 , 11 ] and in care home residents in England and Wales has notably increased over the past twenty years [ 4 ], with around 75% of residents admitted to care-homes in 2017 diagnosed with some level of cognitive impairment, multiple morbidity, frailty, sensory impairment, and functional decline [ 12 ]. However, a key priority remains the reduction of quality concerns and enhancement of care provision in care homes [ 1 , 7 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Evidence-based geriatric knowledge among healthcare providers in Vietnam: adaptation, validation, and pilot of the knowledge about older patients quiz

“…The national aging survey revealed that two-thirds of older adults self-rated their health as below normal, with chronic disease as the most prevalent cause of illness among them [ 9 ]. While social protection for older adults has been extensively studied in Vietnam, few researchers have examined the health workforce’s capacity to provide quality geriatric care [ 10 – 13 ]. An assessment revealed that some of the health facilities with geriatric departments, especially in rural areas, were staffed by healthcare providers with no geriatric training [ 14 ].…”

Research on Urban Community Elderly Care Facility Based on Quality of Life by SEM: Cases Study of Three Types of Communities in Shenzhen, China

“…Elderly groups have different needs and opportunities to obtain elderly care resources [14]. However, previous studies researched the sustainability, equity, and accessibility of CECFs and proposed general CECF construction measures with respect to elderly demands, elderly health, and the spatial distribution of facilities [15][16][17][18]. There has been less research discussing how to improve the quality of life of the elderly in community elderly service facilities from the perspective of the different characteristics and care needs of the elderly [19].…”