The sustainability of the Italian water sector: An empirical analysis by DEA

Lombardi, Ginevra Virginia; Stefani, Gianluca; Paci, Andrea; Becagli, Claudio; Miliacca, Michela; Gastaldi, Massimo; Giannetti, Biagio F.; Almeida, C.M.V.B.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.283

Cited by 68 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Most of the previous studies are rooted in the sustainability of water resources, focusing on water consumption calculation and analysis of water use efficiency [8,9,10]. As for research methods, the water footprint method [11,12,13,14] and the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model [15,16,17] are the ones that are mainly used. Though these methods can reflect the actual water consumption and water use efficiency, they fail to identify the driving factors of water consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling Analysis of Water Footprint and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region from 2004 to 2017

Kong

Yuan

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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The Beijing–Tianji–Hebei region (BTHR) is economically developed and densely populated, but its water resources are extremely scarce. A clear understanding of the decoupling relationship between water footprint and economic growth is conducive to facilitating and realizing the coordinated development of water resources and economic growth in this region. This study calculated the water footprint and other related indicators of BTHR from 2004 to 2017, and objectively evaluated the utilization of water resources in the region. Then, logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) method was applied to study the driving factors that resulted in the change of water footprint and their respective effects. Finally, Tapio decoupling model was used to research the decoupling relationships between water footprint and economic growth, and between the driving factors of water footprint and economic growth. There are three main results in this research. (1) The water utilization efficiency in BTHR continues to improve, and the water footprint shows a gradually increasing trend during the research period, among which the agricultural water footprint accounts for a relatively high proportion. (2) The change of water footprint can be attributed to efficiency effect, economic effect, and population effect. Furthermore, efficiency effect is the decisive factor of water footprint reduction and economic effect is the main factor of water footprint increase, while population effect plays a weak role in promoting the increase in water footprint. (3) The decoupling status between water footprint and economic growth show a weak decoupling in most years, while the status between water footprint intensity and economic growth always remains strong decoupling. Moreover, population size and economic growth always show an expansive coupling state. In sum, it is advisable for policy makers to improve water utilization efficiency, especially agricultural irrigation efficiency, to raise residents’ awareness of water conservation, and increase the import of water-intensive products, so as to alleviate water shortage and realize the coordinated development of water resources and economic growth in BTHR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling Analysis of Water Footprint and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region from 2004 to 2017

Kong

Yuan

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…This causes the reliability of the established model to be questioned. The CCR model was preferred in this study because the CCR model performs the most precise efficiency measurement by producing realistic results among DEA models (Lombardi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Methods and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A frontier‐based managerial approach for relative sustainability performance assessment of the world's airports

Küçükvar

Alawi

Abdella

et al. 2020

Sustainable Development

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The sustainability impact of air transportation has become crucial to communities. Airports around the world are forced to be transparent with the society and to declare their sustainability results. As the sustainability goals and objectives and due to its multi‐dimension aspects that are needed to be decided of and subsequently improved, the decision has been taken, and the parameters have been selected due to its significance in this field. This research presents a managerial approach combining the optimization‐based frontier approach with the Global Report Initiative's comprehensive sustainability database for selected 30 major international airports based on data availability. In this regard, eco‐efficiency analysis is carried out with four different models using input‐oriented modeling with multiple undesirable environmental inputs (energy, carbon, water, and waste) and desirable outputs (revenue, passenger and employment) to compare efficiency and sustainability levels of airports in different contexts. Finally, performance improvement targets of each environmental indicators are presented for the airports. These comparative models reveal different frontier airports, which provide the opportunity to analyze diversified reference points for the same decision‐making unit. The presented statistical study has shown that San Francisco, Hong Kong, Hamad International Airport are the most efficient airports in terms of overall sustainability performance based on collected data and selected indicators. The authors also concluded that there is a discrepancy in sustainability data reporting between airports, and there is a need for collecting complete, consistent and real‐time social, environmental, economic, and governance data, to better compare and evaluate the performance of each airport from a sustainability perspective.

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“…Consequently, Italy is under infringement proceedings by the EU in accordance with EU Directive 271/91. The Italian sewage systems are still currently experiencing many failures and do not meet the EU requirements; many urban agglomerations over 10.000 inhabitants discharge sewage without any proper treatment [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Academic research on sustainable development of water resources covers a wide range, such as integrated water resource management [21,22], water resource carrying capacity [23,24,25], water resource efficiency [15,26,27], water quality management [28,29,30], and water resource allocation strategy [31], etc. The optimal allocation of water resources could be determined by the optimization method [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supporting Sustainable Development of Water Resources: A Social Welfare Maximization Game Model

Guo

Jiang

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Water can carry a boat but can also overturn it (human societal sustainable development). Governments faced aquatic ecosystem restoration and preservation challenges following the establishment of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. This paper proposes a social welfare maximization game model to analyze the dominant strategy equilibrium of enterprise-1 and enterprise-2 based on welfare maximization under the total sewage emission control policy. Under the aforementioned control policy, a stricter total sewage emission control of an enterprise corresponds to a lower enterprise output and a higher output of a competing enterprise; that is, the profit transfer effect occurs. When the government implements a relatively strict total sewage emission control policy for an enterprise, it is beneficial to reduce the amount of sewage emission from an enterprise but has no impact on the amount of sewage emission from a competing enterprise; however, the amount of sewage reduction of both enterprises will increase. If the government does not provide capital and technical support to enterprise-2, then enterprise-1 and enterprise-2 should implement total quantity control policies with different rigor degrees to avoid the one-size-fits-all phenomenon. To maximize social welfare, the government should adjust the total sewage emission control policy in time according to sewage stock changes and focus more on enterprises with insufficient capital and poor technical skills and provide financial and technical support.

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The sustainability of the Italian water sector: An empirical analysis by DEA

Cited by 68 publications

References 56 publications

Decoupling Analysis of Water Footprint and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region from 2004 to 2017

Decoupling Analysis of Water Footprint and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region from 2004 to 2017

A frontier‐based managerial approach for relative sustainability performance assessment of the world's airports

Supporting Sustainable Development of Water Resources: A Social Welfare Maximization Game Model

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