The Surgical Treatment of Gunshot Wounds of the Chest.

Davies, H. Morriston

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(01)11062-7

Cited by 4 publications

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“…The effect of intermediate layers such as clothing has been considered in the context of increasing the possibility of infection in a wound [ 50 – 52 ], but also in the context of how such intermediate layers might affect wounding [ 19 , 53 , 54 ]. Thick, stiff clothing layers can affect the deformation of the bullet.…”

Section: Effect Of Intermediate Layers Such As Clothing and Personal mentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of gelatine in wound ballistics research

2018

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Blocks of gelatine are used in both lethality and survivability studies for broadly the same reason, i.e. comparison of ammunition effects using a material that it is assumed represents (some part of) the human body. The gelatine is used to visualise the temporary and permanent wound profiles; elements of which are recognised as providing a reasonable approximation to wounding in humans. One set of researchers aim to improve the lethality of the projectile, and the other to understand the effects of the projectile on the body to improve survivability. Research areas that use gelatine blocks are diverse and include ammunition designers, the medical and forensics communities and designers of ballistic protective equipment (including body armour). This paper aims to provide an overarching review of the use of gelatine for wound ballistics studies; it is not intended to provide an extensive review of wound ballistics as that already exists, e.g. Legal Med 23:21–29, 2016. Key messages are that test variables, projectile type (bullet, fragmentation), impact site on the body and intermediate layers (e.g. clothing, personal protective equipment (PPE)) can affect the resulting wound profiles.

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Section: Effect Of Intermediate Layers Such As Clothing and Personal mentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of gelatine in wound ballistics research

2018

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Damage to apparel layers and underlying tissue due to hand-gun bullets

et al. 2013

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Ballistic damage to the clothing of victims of gunshot wounds to the chest can provide useful forensic evidence. Anyone shot in the torso will usually be wearing clothing which will be damaged by the penetrating impact event and can reportedly be the source of some of the debris in the wound. Minimal research has previously been reported regarding the effect of bullets on apparel fabrics and underlying tissue. This paper examines the effect of ammunition (9 mm full metal jacket [FMJ] DM11 A1B2, 8.0 g; and soft point flat nose Remington R357M3, 10.2 g) on clothing layers that cover the torso (T-shirt, T-shirt plus hoodie, T-shirt plus denim jacket) and underlying structures represented by porcine thoracic wall (skin, underlying tissue, ribs). Impacts were recorded using a Phantom V12 high speed camera. Ejected bone debris was collected before wound tracts were dissected and measured; any debris found was recovered for further analysis. Size and mass of bony debris was recorded; fibre debris recovered from the wound and impact damage to fabrics were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Remington R357M3 ammunition was characteristically associated with stellate fabric damage; individual fibres were less likely to show mushrooming. In contrast, 9 mm FMJ ammunition resulted in punch-out damage to fabric layers, with mushrooming of individual fibres being more common. Entry wound sizes were similar for both types of ammunition and smaller than the diameter of the bullet that caused them. In this work, the Remington R357M3 ammunition resulted in larger exit wounds due to the bullet construction which mushroomed. That fabric coverings did not affect the amount of bony debris produced is interesting, particularly given there was some evidence that apparel layers affected the size of the wound. Recent work has suggested that denim (representative of jeans) can exacerbate wounding caused by high-velocity bullet impacts to the thigh when the bullet does not impact the femur. That more bony debris was caused by Remington R357M3 rather than 9 mm FMJ ammunition was not surprising given the relative constructions of these two bullets, and is of interest to medical practitioners.

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Treatment of hemothorax

Hay¹,

Webb

1950

The American Journal of Surgery

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The Surgical Treatment of Gunshot Wounds of the Chest.

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The use of gelatine in wound ballistics research

The use of gelatine in wound ballistics research

Damage to apparel layers and underlying tissue due to hand-gun bullets

Treatment of hemothorax

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