The surfactant dipalmitoylphophatidylcholine modifies acute responses in alveolar carcinoma cells in response to low‐dose silver nanoparticle exposure

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field with silver nanoparticles (AgNP) in particular utilized in a wide variety of consumer products. This has presented a number of concerns relating to exposure and the associated toxicity to humans and the environment. As inhalation is the most common exposure route, this study investigates the potential toxicity of AgNP to A549 alveolar epithelial carcinoma cells and the influence of a major component of lung surfactant dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) on toxicity. It was illustrated that exposure to AgNP generated low levels of oxidative stress and a reduction in cell viability. While DPPC produced no significant effect on viability studies its presence resulted in increased reactive oxygen species formation. DPPC also significantly modified the inflammatory response generated by AgNP exposure. These findings suggest a possible interaction between AgNP and DPPC causing particles to become more reactive, thus increasing oxidative insult and inflammatory response within A549 cells.

Surface modification of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) by liposomal encapsulation mitigates AgNP-induced inflammation

“…In TDMs, Lipo-AgNP suppressed IL-1β and TNF-α release while maintaining basal level of IL-6 which was aggravated by AgNP. Coupled with the finding from our previous study that Lipo-AgNP suppresses generation of ROS (Yusuf et al, 2018), DPPC which is the major component of the liposome encapsulating AgNP in Lipo-AgNP is known to also possess an immunosuppressive feature (Murphy et al, 2015). Sweeney et al (2016) had shown that a DPPC containing commercial surfactant prevented release of IL-6 and IL-8 in addition to the near abolishment of ROS generation in human alveolar type-I-like epithelial cells.…”

“…Taken together, repeated human exposure to AgNP may result in chronic inflammation that may favour autoimmunity or cancer development and the wide application of AgNP increases risk of AgNP induced adverse effects. In this study, we encapsulated AgNP within a dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC)-based liposome to suppress the nanoparticle-induced inflammation, based on previous studies that have shown that DPPC suppresses AgNP induced inflammation (Murphy et al, 2015;Sweeney et al, 2016). We then showed that the liposomal encapsulation of AgNP suppresses AgNP induced inflammation in both THP1 monocytes and THP1 cells differentiated into macrophages and the exposure to liposomal AgNP correlates with inhibition of STAT-3 expression.…”

In vitro comparative cytotoxicity study of aminated polystyrene, zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles on a cervical cancer cell line

“…This triggers an inflammatory response and induces DNA damage within the cell and ultimately resulting in cell death (Nel et al 2006, Yu et al 2013, Murphy et al 2015b, Saini et al 2016.…”