“…Surface analyses of those catalysts were carried out using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). As showed in Figure , the peaks of 232.45 eV, 284.8 eV, 399.24 eV, 532.07 eV are attributed to Mo3d, C1s, N1s, O1s, respectively, while Cl (200.51 eV) is only observed for DMSBC‐2 (Figure d). Furthermore, the wide scan spectra which curve‐fitting into major two peaks with the binding energy values of 232.60 and 235.7 eV for the Mo3d level, were attributed to Mo 3d 5/2 and Mo 3d 3/2 , respectively (Figure b, e, h) and proved that the Mo is the 6+ oxidation state (Figure b, e, h) .…”