The surface accumulation of larval fishes by hydrodynamic convergence within the Mississippi River plume front

Govoni, John J.; Grimes, Churchill B.

doi:10.1016/0278-4343(92)90063-p

Cited by 75 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Densities of larval fishes in frontal zones are commonly greater than in adjacent water masses, although specific distributions vary considerably among taxa (Kiørboe et al 1988, Grimes & Finucane 1991, Kingsford et al 1991, Govoni & Grimes 1992, Munk et al 1995, Kingsford & Suthers 1996a, Sabatés & Olivar 1996, Lochmann et al 1997. Plausible mechanisms for the generation and maintenance of elevated densities of larval fishes at fronts include (1) concentrated spawning in frontal zones (Shelton & Hutchings 1982), (2) concentration of larvae by hydrodynamic convergence at fronts (Govoni & Grimes 1992, Lochmann et al 1997, and (3) improved feeding success, condition and growth deriving from elevated productivity at fronts (Munk 1993, Lang et al 1994, St John & Lund 1996see Powell et al 1990 for an exception) which might abbreviate periods of vulnerability to predation (Meekan & Fortier 1996). However, notwithstanding the potential benefits for larvae at fronts of improved feeding success and partial protection in a dense field of alternative prey (Kean-Howie et al 1988), increased predation intensity by planktivores that aggregate at fronts (Taggart et al 1989, Sims & Quayle 1998 can easily counteract any trophic benefits (Grimes & Kingsford 1996, Grimes 2001.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributions of larval rockfishes Sebastes spp. across nearshore fronts in a coastal upwelling region

Bjorkstedt¹,

Rosenfeld²,

Grantham³

et al. 2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We sampled larval fishes along cross-shelf transects off Granite Canyon, California, USA, during the upwelling seasons of 1993 and 1994 to determine whether coastal upwelling fronts affect the cross-shelf distribution of larval rockfishes Sebastes spp. during the earliest period of planktonic life. Rockfish larvae occurred in relatively high densities near surface fronts and were distributed in patches oriented along sloping pycnoclines contiguous with surface fronts. Qualitative comparisons between observed distributions of larval rockfishes in relation to hydrographic structure and predictions from models of plankton distributions at convergent fronts support the hypothesis that convergent circulation contributes to observed distributions. Our results indicate that (1) coastal upwelling fronts influence larval rockfishes at an earlier life history stage than has previously been documented, and (2) the influence of upwelling fronts on distributions of larval rockfishes is similar to the influence of hydrographic fronts on distributions of larval fish reported for a variety of oceanographic settings. In light of the plausible effects of upwelling fronts on larval transport and ecology, our findings suggest that upwelling fronts merit further investigation for their potential role in translating variability in upwelling dynamics into fluctuations in recruitment to coastal rockfish populations along the west coast of North America. KEY WORDS: Larval fish distribution · Coastal upwelling · Upwelling fronts · Recruitment mechanisms · Rockfishes · SebastesResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributions of larval rockfishes Sebastes spp. across nearshore fronts in a coastal upwelling region

Bjorkstedt¹,

Rosenfeld²,

Grantham³

et al. 2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…behaviourally mediated concentration in the presence of convergence zones (Okubo, 1978;Olson and Backus, 1985;Franks 1992;Govoni and Grimes, 1992); close association with thermal gradients (Ortner et al, 1980;1981;Magnuson et al, 1981); orientation to density discontinuities (Murav'yev and Shirshov, 1984) or abundance of food (Bowman and Esaias, 1978;Crowder and Magnuson, 1983). Interpreting zooplankton distributions can be further complicated by zooplankton behaviour such as diel migration (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoscale subduction at the Almeria–Oran front

Fielding

Crisp

Allen

et al. 2001

Journal of Marine Systems

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“…They have been observed to accumulate at oceanic frontal boundaries [32], where small predatory fish are also more abundant [33]. Thus, successful predator evasion is essential to the copepod's survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plankton reach new heights in effort to avoid predators

et al. 2012

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The marine environment associated with the air -water interface (neuston) provides an important food source to pelagic organisms where subsurface prey is limited. However, studies on predator -prey interactions within this environment are lacking. Copepods are known to produce strong escape jumps in response to predators, but must contend with a low-Reynolds-number environment where viscous forces limit escape distance. All previous work on copepod interaction with predators has focused on a liquid environment. Here, we describe a novel anti-predator behaviour in two neustonic copepod species, where individuals frequently exit the water surface and travel many times their own body length through air to avoid predators. Using both field recordings with natural predators and high-speed laboratory recordings, we obtain detailed kinematics of this behaviour, and estimate energetic cost associated with this behaviour. We demonstrate that despite losing up to 88 per cent of their initial kinetic energy, copepods that break the water surface travel significantly further than those escaping underwater and successfully exit the perceptive field of the predator. This behaviour provides an effective defence mechanism against subsurface-feeding visual predators and the results provide insight into trophic interactions within the neustonic environment.

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The surface accumulation of larval fishes by hydrodynamic convergence within the Mississippi River plume front

Cited by 75 publications

References 19 publications

Distributions of larval rockfishes Sebastes spp. across nearshore fronts in a coastal upwelling region

Distributions of larval rockfishes Sebastes spp. across nearshore fronts in a coastal upwelling region

Mesoscale subduction at the Almeria–Oran front

Plankton reach new heights in effort to avoid predators

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