The Supervision of Self-Government Bodies’ Regulations in Hungary

Abstract

The judicial and constitutional review processes of regulations of Hungarian autonomous bodies with self-government are analysed by our article. Firstly, the circle of the autonomous bodies with self-government and the definition and forms of regulations, general decisions of these organs are reviewed. Secondly, the judicial and constitutional review processes of the local self-government decrees are examined and it could be highlighted that the judicial protection of subjective rights and the execution of court decisions may be problematic. The same problems arise in connection with the supervision activity over professional bodies’ regulations as shown thirdly. The main question of the practical effectiveness of the new regulations are analysed fourthly in the article. Although the tools of legal supervision have been strengthened radically, the importance of these procedures has not changed significantly. As the result of the analysis de lege ferenda recommendations are set forward.

Current Tendencies of Judicial Review as Reflected in the New Hungarian Code of Administrative Court Procedure

“…These latter general acts can primarily be brought before court in connection with individual acts which apply these regulations. This is also in line with the developments regarding soft law instruments in the jurisprudence of national courts, and that of the ECJ (Kovács et al, 2016), as well as with trends of judicial protection against the norm-setting powers of self-governing bodies (Hoffman and Rozsnyai, 2015). In Hungary, control over the legality of legislative instruments belongs within the competences of the Constitutional Court, with the exception of local government decrees and normative decisions (Fábián and Hoffman, 2014, p. 348).…”

Opportunities of the Intervention of the Central (Regional) Government in the Decisions and Operations of the Local Governments in Hungary

“…P. 238. 8 В период с 1 января 2009 г. по 1 сентября 2010 г. согласно решению Конституционного суда отсутствовали органы, которые бы обладали полномочиями по осуществлению контроля за правомерностью принимаемых органами местного самоуправления нормативных актов. Основным обоснованием такой ситуации послужил тот факт, что передача на региональный уровень административно-хозяйственных функций не была подкреплена законом, принятым квалифицированным большинством (2/3), и, таким образом, Закон о местном самоуправлении был признан не соответствующим Конституции Венгрии Конституционным судом.…”