The Superoxide Dismutase Mimic TEMPOL Protects Cultured Rabbit Lens Epithelial Cells from Hydrogen Peroxide Insult

Reddan, John R.; Sevilla, Michael D.; Giblin, Frank J.; Padgaonkar, Vanita A.; Dziedzic, Dorothy C.; Leverenz, Victor R.; Misra, I.C.; Peters, J.

doi:10.1006/exer.1993.1068

Cited by 64 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…The protocol for the present study of oxidative stress induced by a bolus of H # O # was similar to that of Giblin et al (1990). The rate of H # O # dissipation in this study agrees with the earlier report (Giblin et al, 1990 (Spector et al, 1989 ;Reddan et al, 1993). N\N 1003A showed a stronger resistance to H # O # induced mitotic inhibition (see Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Thioltransferase is Present in the Lens Epithelial Cells as a Highly Oxidative Stress-resistant Enzyme

Lou

Wang²,

et al. 1998

Experimental Eye Research

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Thioltransferase is Present in the Lens Epithelial Cells as a Highly Oxidative Stress-resistant Enzyme

Lou

Wang²,

et al. 1998

Experimental Eye Research

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“…There is considerable evidence supporting the hypothesis that oxidative stress produced by reactive oxygen species is an early and probably the primary event for lens opacification (Spector, 1991(Spector, , 1995. H 2 O 2 is the major oxidant produced metabolically similar to those of cultured rabbit lens epithelial cells exposed to various concentration of H 2 O 2 (Reddan et al, 1993;Giblin et al, 1990). Similar ultrastructural changes were also reported by Mohanty et al (2002) when HLEC were subjected to sugar-induced oxidative stress.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…This finally results in cataract formation and blindness. Available reports suggest that elimination of H 2 O 2 by antioxidants can prevent cataract formation in cultured animal lenses (Spector et al, 1993) as well as in rabbit lens epithelial cells (Reddan et al, 1993).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocimum sanctum extracts attenuate hydrogen peroxide induced cytotoxic ultrastructural changes in human lens epithelial cells

Halder

Joshi

Nag

et al. 2009

Phytotherapy Research

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Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is the major oxidant involved in cataract formation. The present study investigated the effect of an aqueous leaf extract of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) against H2O2 induced cytotoxic changes in human lens epithelial cells (HLEC). Donor eyes of the age range 20-40 years were procured within 5-8 h of death. After several washings with gentamicin (50 mL/L) and betadine (10 mL/L), clear transparent lenses (n=6 in each group) were incubated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) alone (normal) or in DMEM containing 100 microm of H2O2 (control) or in DMEM containing both H2O2 (100 microm) and 150 microg/mL of Ocimum sanctum extract (treated) for 30 min at 37 degrees C with 5% CO2 and 95% air. Following incubation, the semi-hardened epithelium of each lens was carefully removed, fixed and processed for electron microscopic studies. Thin sections (60-70 mm) were contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and viewed under a transmission electron microscope. Normal epithelial cells showed intact, euchromatic nucleus with few small vacuoles (diameter 0.58+/-0.6 microm) in well-demarcated cytoplasm. After treatment with H2O2, they showed pyknotic nuclei with clumping of chromatin and ill-defined edges. The cytoplasm was full of vacuoles (diameter 1.61+/-0.7 microm). The overall cellular morphology was typical of dying cells. Treatment of cells with Ocimum sanctum extract protected the epithelial cells from H2O2 insult and maintained their normal architecture. The mean diameter of the vacuoles was 0.66+/-0.2 microm. The results indicate that extracts of O. sanctum have an important protective role against H2O2 injury in HLEC by maintaining the normal cellular architecture. The protection could be due to its ability to reduce H2O2 through its antioxidant property and thus reinforcing the concept that the extracts can penetrate the HLEC membrane.

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“…Several studies regarding the oxygen status of the retina have been published and studies suggest that cataract formation is largely due to oxidative stress [87] and elevated levels of H 2 O 2 in the aqueous humor of cataract patients has been demonstrated [88]. In an early attempt to determine the mechanism by which ROS lead to cataract formation, it was found that Tempol prevented the H 2 O 2 -induced inhibition of cell growth, membrane blebbing, decreases in DNA-repair protein activation, and limited the amount of DNA damage [89]. It was later shown that Tempol also protected cultured glutathione-depleted lens epithelial cells from H 2 O 2 toxicity [90].…”

Section: Ocular Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

The chemistry and biology of nitroxide compounds

Soule

Hyodo

Matsumoto

et al. 2007

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

459

387

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Cyclic nitroxides are a diverse range of stable free radicals that have unique antioxidant properties. Because of their ability to interact with free radicals, they have been used for many years as biophysical tools. During the past 15-20 years, however, many interesting biochemical interactions have been discovered and harnessed for therapeutic applications. Biologically relevant effects of nitroxides have been described including their ability to degrade superoxide and peroxide, inhibit Fenton reactions and undergo radical-radical recombination. Cellular studies defined the activity of nitroxides in vitro. By modifying oxidative stress and altering the redox status of tissues, nitroxides have been found to interact with and alter many metabolic processes. These interactions can be exploited for therapeutic and research use including protection against ionizing radiation, as probes in functional magnetic resonance imaging, cancer prevention and treatment, control of hypertension and weight, and protection from damage resulting from ischemia/reperfusion injury. While much remains to be done, many applications have been well studied and some are presently being tested in clinical trials. The therapeutic and research uses of nitroxide compounds are reviewed here with a focus on the progress from initial development to modern trials.

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The Superoxide Dismutase Mimic TEMPOL Protects Cultured Rabbit Lens Epithelial Cells from Hydrogen Peroxide Insult

Cited by 64 publications

References 0 publications

Thioltransferase is Present in the Lens Epithelial Cells as a Highly Oxidative Stress-resistant Enzyme

Thioltransferase is Present in the Lens Epithelial Cells as a Highly Oxidative Stress-resistant Enzyme

Ocimum sanctum extracts attenuate hydrogen peroxide induced cytotoxic ultrastructural changes in human lens epithelial cells

The chemistry and biology of nitroxide compounds

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