The suitability of disaster loss databases to measure loss and damage from climate change

Gall, Melanie

doi:10.1504/ijgw.2015.071966

Cited by 48 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Notably, recent updates to the United Nations' Paris Agreement have called for a place for nations to systematically report their intangible losses and damages alongside climate change interventions within the transparency framework [110]. Existing loss and damage tracking systems, such as insurance databases, are ill-suited or incapable of documenting intangible climate-driven impacts [111]. Evidence shows that the application of diverse methodological approaches [13,109] and increased engagement with Indigenous communities [112] will be necessary to document these intangible losses and damages, determine the potential limits of adaptation, and propose desirable alternative pathways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous mental health in a changing climate: a systematic scoping review of the global literature

Middleton

Cunsolo

Jones‐Bitton

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

131

102

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Indigenous Peoples globally are among those who are most acutely experiencing the mental health impacts of climate change; however, little is known about the ways in which Indigenous Peoples globally experience climate-sensitive mental health impacts and outcomes, and how these experiences may vary depending on local socio-cultural contexts, geographical location, and regional variations in climate change. Thus, the goal of this study was to examine the extent, range, and nature of published research investigating the ways in which global Indigenous mental health is impacted by meteorological, seasonal, and climatic changes. Following a systematic scoping review protocol, three electronic databases were searched. To be included, articles had to be empirical research published since 2007 (i.e. since the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Fourth Assessment Report); explicitly discuss Indigenous Peoples and describe factors related to climatic variables and mental health. Descriptive data from relevant articles were extracted, and the articles were thematically analyzed. Fifty articles were included for full review. Most primary research articles described research in Canada (38%), Australia (24%), and the United States of America (10%), with the number of articles increasing over time. Mental health outcomes such as strong emotional responses, suicide, depression, and anxiety were linked to changes in meteorological factors, seasonality, and exposure to both acute and chronic weather events. The literature also reported on the ways in which the emotional and psychological impacts of climate were connected to changing place attachment, disrupted cultural continuity, altered food security and systems, forced human mobility, and intangible loss and damages. This review highlights global considerations for Indigenous mental health in relation to climate change, which can support Indigenous-driven initiatives and decisionmaking to enhance mental wellness in a changing climate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous mental health in a changing climate: a systematic scoping review of the global literature

Middleton

Cunsolo

Jones‐Bitton

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

131

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Here, too, it is not entirely clear to what extent this is because there is a lack of evidence in the academic literature or because IPCC WGII authors are less familiar with the evidence on losses and damage from incremental and slow-onset processes. While existing disaster loss databases and institutional structures for disaster management can play an important role in assessing and addressing losses and damages (Gall, 2015), the risks of losses and damages from slow-onset processes and gradual climatic changes, and the dangerous interaction between slow-onset processes and sudden-onset events , need more attention in IPCC AR6. Just as in the case of non-economic losses, a key resource for the IPCC, and its sixth assessment report (AR6), could be the technical expert group on slow-onset events that was established under the WIM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss and damage in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (Working Group II): a text-mining analysis

Geest

Warner

2019

Climate Policy

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Losses and damages' refer to impacts of climate change that have not been, or cannot be, avoided through mitigation and adaptation efforts. After the establishment of the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage (WIM), Loss and Damage is now considered the third pillarbesides mitigation and adaptationof climate action under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This paper studies what the Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC WGII AR5) has to say about this emerging topic. We use qualitative data analysis software (text mining) to assess which climatic stressors, impact sectors and regions the report primarily associates with losses and damages, and compare this with the focus areas of the WIM. The study reveals that IPCC WGII AR5 primarily associates losses and damages with extreme weather events and economic impacts, and treats it primarily as a future risk. Present-day losses and damages from slow-onset processes and non-economic losses receive much less attention. Also, surprisingly, AR5 has more to say about losses and damages in high-income regions than in regions that are most at risk, such as small island states and least developed countries. The paper concludes with recommendations to the IPCC for its 6th Assessment Report (AR6) to include more evidence on losses and damages from slow-onset processes, non-economic losses and damages and losses and damages in vulnerable countries. Key policy insights. IPCC WGII AR5 discusses evidence about losses and damages predominantly in relation to sudden-onset disasters and economic costs. . More research is needed on losses and damages from slow-onset processes and non-economic loss and damage, particularly in vulnerable countries in the Global South. . Funding agencies should support research in these areas and IPCC WGII AR6 should pay more attention to these topics. . Losses and damages are not only a future risk, but already a present-day reality for vulnerable people in climate hotspots. People-centred research by social scientists is crucial for enhancing understanding of what losses and damages mean in the real world. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Loss is commonly defined as the negative impacts in which restoration or reparation is impossible [5,6], whereas damage is considered those negative impacts for which restoration or reparation is possible. The estimation of loss and damage is typically approached categorically, generally separated into the tangible and intangible cost [5,7]. Tangible loss and damage can be further sub-divided into direct and indirect impacts.…”

Section: Conceptual Framework For Loss and Damage Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss and Damage Estimation for Extreme Weather Events: State of the Practice

Doktycz

Abkowitz

2019

Sustainability

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Extreme weather, climate-induced events that are episodic (e.g., hurricane, heatwave) or chronic (e.g., sea-level rise, temperature change) in nature, is occurring with increasing frequency and severity. This places a growing and time-sensitive need on the development and implementation of adaptation policies and practices. To motivate adaptive behavior, however, requires the ability to deliver improved risk-informed decision-making capability. At the crux of this challenge is the provision of full and accurate loss and damage accounting of the overall impact of an extreme weather event, enabling the business case to be made for adaptation investment. We define loss and damage as the manifestation of impacts associated with extreme weather that negatively affect human and natural systems. Progress in the development of adequate loss and damage accounting has been hampered by issues, such as discrepancies in conceptual frameworks, problems associated with data quantity and quality, and lack of standardized analysis methodologies. In this paper, we have discussed the conceptual basis for measuring loss and damage, reviewed the state of loss and damage data collection and modeling, and offered a narrative on the future direction of the practice.

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The suitability of disaster loss databases to measure loss and damage from climate change

Cited by 48 publications

References 42 publications

Indigenous mental health in a changing climate: a systematic scoping review of the global literature

Indigenous mental health in a changing climate: a systematic scoping review of the global literature

Loss and damage in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (Working Group II): a text-mining analysis

Loss and Damage Estimation for Extreme Weather Events: State of the Practice

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