“…On the other hand, despite restoration measures used or not, when bare land with steep slopes and fine soil texture caused by rock falls and landslides has little capacity to moderate surface water infiltration, rainfall directly removes soil nutrients, leading to overall decreased soil nutrient content, especially in subtropical monsoon climate zones, which experience a higher decrease in SOC, TN, TP, TK, and AHN due to frequent rainfall events. This means a concomitant decrease in soil quality with reverse ecological succession or continuous disturbance (Arbelo Rodríguez et al, 2002;Lin et al, 2014).…”