The success of recruiting minorities, women, and elderly into a randomized controlled effectiveness trial

Sisk, Jane E.; Horowitz, Carol R.; Wang, Jason; McLaughlin, Mary Ann; Hebert, Paul L.; Tuzzio, Leah

doi:10.1002/msj.20014

Cited by 23 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Also, sometimes physicians, staff members, and caregivers believed the research procedures might tire their elder loved one and would discourage participation. Our observation that family members sometimes acted as protective gatekeepers has been reported by others (Mackin et al, 2009; Sisk, Horowitz, Wang, McLaughlin, Hebert, & Tuzzio, 2008). …”

Section: Challenges and Strategies At Hospital And Individual Levelssupporting

confidence: 87%

Recruiting Hospitalized Mexican American Elder Adults and Caregivers: Challenges and Strategies

Crist

Ruiz

Torres-Urquidy

et al. 2013

Research in Gerontological Nursing

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Minority group members’ participation in clinical research is essential for eliminating health disparities. Early recruitment procedures for a randomized control trial involving minority elders at local hospitals were unsuccessful, with challenges at hospital and individual levels. These challenges included referrals for home health care being written late during hospitalization, hospital staff reluctant to assist recruiters, ill minority elders and protective or unavailable caregivers. We met these challenges with evidence-based strategies, including changing inclusion criteria, increasing study staff, branding our study, using a consistently respectful manner, and pacing our process. After revising our approaches in various ways, we recruited close to our goal, with relatively good retention. Participants reported that benefiting the community rather than monetary reward was a strong motivator to join the study. Unexpected recruitment expenditures exceeded the recruitment budget. Our experiences include strategies that can be more cost-effective in future studies at both hospital and individual levels.

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Section: Challenges and Strategies At Hospital And Individual Levelssupporting

confidence: 87%

Recruiting Hospitalized Mexican American Elder Adults and Caregivers: Challenges and Strategies

Crist

Ruiz

Torres-Urquidy

et al. 2013

Research in Gerontological Nursing

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“…Many approaches have been cited as effective in recruiting and retaining people of color in research, including the use of culturally tailored, community-based approaches. These include collaborating with community partners and community boards to develop recruitment materials, conduct outreach, build trust and rapport, include flexibility in schedules, and working with gatekeepers—individuals trusted and sought after for advice by residents 1–3,20,26–36. Yet, Partners found no references to researchers relinquishing control of community-based recruitment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Training included information about maintaining confidentiality, mock interviews and suggestions for addressing participants’ resistance, including fear of experimentation, mistrust of the medical system, claiming being too busy, and misunderstanding the research protocol 20–25. Staff provided verbal and written assurance that the research team would use no experimental drugs, that personal health data would be kept confidential and stressed that the participants’ primary clinician, if applicable, would remain in charge of their care.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Recruitment of Minority Populations Through Community-Led Strategies

Horowitz

Brenner

Lachapelle

et al. 2009

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Background Traditional research approaches frequently fail to yield representative numbers of people of color in research. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) may be an important strategy for partnering with and reaching populations who bear a greater burden of illness but have been historically difficult to engage. A Community Action Board of 20 East Harlem residents, leaders and advocates used CBPR to compare the effectiveness of different strategies in recruiting and enrolling adults with prediabetes into a peer-led diabetes prevention intervention. Methods The Board created five different recruitment strategies: recruiting through clinicians, at large public events like farmers markets, organizing special local recruitment events, recruiting at local organizations, and a partner-led approach in which community partners developed and managed the recruitment efforts at their sites. Results In 3 months, 555 local adults were approached; 249 were appropriate candidates for further evaluation (overweight, nonpregnant, East Harlem residents without known diabetes); 179 consented and returned fasting for 1/2 day of prediabetes testing; and 99 had prediabetes and enrolled in a pilot randomized trial. The partner-led approach was most successful, recruiting 68% of people enrolled. This was also the most efficient strategy; 34% of those approached through partners were ultimately enrolled, versus 0%–17% through the other four strategies. Participants were predominantly low-income, uninsured, undereducated Spanish-speaking women. Conclusions This CBPR approach highlights the value of a partner-led recruitment to identify, reach out and motivate a vulnerable population into research, using techniques that may be unfamiliar to researchers, but are nevertheless rigorous and effective.

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“…8, 29 Increased awareness of this failure of representation is evident in recent studies that have achieved greater minority enrollment. 9, 10, 26, 30, 31 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Signs Up for and Engages in a Peer Support Heart Failure Self-management Intervention

Mase

Halasyamani

Choi

et al. 2015

Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing

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Background Many programs for patients with heart failure (HF) fail to improve clinical outcomes in part due to low rates of patient enrollment and engagement. A better understanding of patient characterstics associated with willingness to enroll and then engage in HF self-management programs will improve the design and targeting of programs. Methods and Results Analyses of screening, baseline and engagement data from a randomized controlled effectiveness trial of a HF peer self-management support program. The median age of the 266 recently hospitalized HF patients who enrolled in the study was 69 years, 51% were female, and 26% were minorities (primarily African American). Of 135 randomized to the peer support intervention, only 39% engaged in either the group sessions or telephone peer support calls. Older white women who reported higher baseline health status, functioning, social support, confidence in their ability to manage, and less difficulty with the physical and emotional aspects of living with heart failure were the most likely to engage in program activities. Minority status and reporting a need for social support were both correlated with higher enrollment but lower engagement in the intervention. Conclusions Although minority patients with poorer reported health status and social support were most likely to consent to participate in the study, participants who engaged in program activities were more likely to have higher baseline health status, functioning, and social support. Developing HF interventions that successfully engage participants most in need of HF self-management support remains a difficult challenge.

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The success of recruiting minorities, women, and elderly into a randomized controlled effectiveness trial

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

Recruiting Hospitalized Mexican American Elder Adults and Caregivers: Challenges and Strategies

Recruiting Hospitalized Mexican American Elder Adults and Caregivers: Challenges and Strategies

Effective Recruitment of Minority Populations Through Community-Led Strategies

Who Signs Up for and Engages in a Peer Support Heart Failure Self-management Intervention

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