The Success of Cancer Crowdfunding Campaigns: Project and Text Analysis

Zhang, Xupin; Tao, Xinqi; Ji, Bingxiang; Wang, Renwu; Sörensen, Silvia

doi:10.2196/44197

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Inability to work, disability from disease, and infectious complications suggest a debilitating and urgent condition, and reluctance to ask for help may portray a picture of resilience following the exhaustion of other means of fundraising, both of which may garner sympathy from potential donors. This finding on crowdsourcing for skin cancer following transplantation parallels the results from crowdsourcing for all cancers, where campaigns for high-mortality cancers that used emotional words to prompt empathy had raised more funds [9]. In another of our group's previous studies, where we analyzed factors associated with fundraiser success in GoFundMe campaigns raising money for plastic surgery conditions, we found that themes including inadequate insurance, travel costs, life-saving treatment, and end-of-life expenses were associated with a higher amount of funds raised (E Mark et al, unpublished data, May 2022).…”

Section: Principal Findingssupporting

confidence: 63%

Impact of, Factors for the Success of, and Concerns Regarding Transplant Patients’ Skin Cancer Campaigns: Observational Study

Mark¹,

Nguyen²,

Choudhary³

et al. 2023

JMIR Dermatol

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Background Due to rising health care costs, patients have sought alternative ways of addressing medical expenses. In particular, transplant patients have complex and expensive medical needs—including skin cancer surveillance—that may not be fully covered by insurance. One such method of financing medical costs is by crowdsourcing through web-based platforms, most notably GoFundMe. Objective Previous work identified factors associated with GoFundMe campaigns’ fundraising success for dermatologic diseases. We sought to characterize these factors in transplant recipients’ campaigns for funds raised for covering skin cancer–related costs. These factors include demographics, campaign traits, and subjective themes. Methods From January to April 2022, we analyzed GoFundMe campaigns using the following search terms chosen on the basis of author consensus: “transplant skin cancer,” “transplant basal cell,” “transplant squamous,” “transplant melanoma,” and “dermatologist transplant.” Demographic data were coded from campaign text or subjectively coded based on author consensus. Campaigns were read completely by 2 independent coders and associated with up to 3 different themes. Linear regression was performed to examine the qualities associated with success, which was defined as funds raised when controlling for campaign goals. Logistic regression was used to examine qualities associated with extremely successful campaigns, defined as those raising funds over 1.5 times the IQR. Results Across 82 campaigns, we identified several factors that were associated with fundraiser success. Patients who experienced complications during infectious disease treatment, those who received a pancreas transplant, or those who died from their disease raised significantly more money. Patients older than 61 years raised significantly less money. Extremely successful campaigns (>US $20,177) were associated with campaigners who emphasized a disability from their disease, those who were reluctant to ask for help, or those who died due to their disease. Conclusions Demographic and thematic factors are associated with transplant patients’ skin cancer–related fundraising success, favoring those who are younger, in more extreme situations, and appear reluctant to ask for help; these findings are consistent with those of previous studies. Additionally, transplant patients have complex and expensive dermatologic needs that may not be fully covered by insurance, as reflected in their GoFundMe campaigns. The most commonly mentioned reasons for fundraising included living expenses or loss of income, inadequate or no insurance, and end-of-life costs. Our findings may inform transplant patients how to maximize the success of their campaigns and highlight gaps in health care coverage for skin cancer–related costs. Limitations include the possibility for misclassification due to the data abstraction process and limiting data collection to fundraisers available on GoFundMe while excluding those on other websites. Further research should investigate the ethical implications of crowdfunding, financial needs of this patient population, and potential ways to improve access to routine skin cancer surveillance among patients receiving transplants.

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Section: Principal Findingssupporting

confidence: 63%

Impact of, Factors for the Success of, and Concerns Regarding Transplant Patients’ Skin Cancer Campaigns: Observational Study

Mark¹,

Nguyen²,

Choudhary³

et al. 2023

JMIR Dermatol

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“…O maior impacto sobre o interesse da população causado pelas campanhas sobre os cânceres de mama e próstata, comparados aos demais tipos de câncer, pode estar associado a uma maior incidência desses tipos de câncer nos países avaliados 2 , à existência de programas de rastreamento 10 , bem como ao grau de difusão e maturidade dessas campanhas, que contam com maiores investimentos de recursos financeiros, midiáticos e simbólicos para sua realização 42 . O laço rosa e o bigode, por exemplo, se tornaram ícones da luta contra o câncer de mama e próstata, ajudando a chamar a atenção, mobilizar e identificar as pessoas que apoiam essas causas 43 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Análise das Campanhas de Conscientização sobre o Câncer por meio do Google Trends: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura

Nardino,

Santos,

Lima

2023

Rev. Bras. Cancerol.

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Introdução: As campanhas de conscientização da população sobre o câncer e seus fatores de risco objetivam incentivar as pessoas a terem comportamentos mais saudáveis. É essencial avaliar os resultados dessas campanhas na alteração do interesse e do comportamento da população sobre o tema. Objetivo: Analisar o impacto das campanhas de conscientização dos diferentes tipos de câncer sobre o interesse dos internautas por meio do Google Trends. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura, incluindo estudos primários que analisaram os impactos das campanhas a partir do Google Trends, disponíveis nas bases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e LILACS. Resultados: Dos 179 artigos encontrados, foram incluídos 19 para análise. O impacto das campanhas variou em efetividade, dependendo do tipo de câncer abordado, da região de realização e do alcance. Fatores externos às campanhas tiveram efeito sinérgico ou concorrente no interesse populacional sobre os temas abordados. Conclusão: O aumento do interesse populacional, quando existente, nem sempre se traduziu em maior conscientização sobre as formas de prevenção e diagnóstico do câncer. Devem-se aprimorar as formas de realização das campanhas visando aumentar o interesse populacional sobre o tema e viabilizar mudanças de comportamento de longo prazo.

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“…Much of the current literature has also focused on success factors as they relate to campaign outcomes (ie, how much money has been raised). Some of these factors include title and narrative length, younger age, gender (men), and early position in search results [ 13 , 14 ]. Understanding both campaign outcomes and the content of online talk on MCF pages is critical to describing campaigners’ financial coping experiences and identifying the utility of this financial coping behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Medical Crowdfunding to Mitigate the Personal Costs of Serious Chronic Illness: Scoping Review

Killela,

Biddell,

Keim-Malpass

et al. 2023

J Med Internet Res

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Background Persons diagnosed with serious chronic illnesses and their caretakers experience multiple types of financial costs that strain their income and generate financial distress. Many turn to medical crowdfunding (MCF) to mitigate the harms of these costs on their health and quality of life. Objective This scoping review aims to summarize the research on MCF for persons diagnosed with serious chronic illness regarding study designs and methods; the responsible conduct of research practices; and study foci as they relate to stress, stress appraisals, and the coping processes. Methods This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. Eligible studies were conducted in countries designated as high income by the World Bank and focused on beneficiaries diagnosed with serious chronic illness. The findings of the included studies were summarized as they related to the key concepts in a conceptual framework derived from an established stress, appraisal, and coping framework and a conceptual model of financial toxicity in pediatric oncology. Results Overall, 26 studies were eligible for inclusion in the review. The main findings included a lack of integration of qualitative and quantitative approaches and the inconsistent reporting of the responsible conduct of research practices. The included studies focused on financial stressors that contributed to financial burden, such as out-of-pocket payments of medical bills, basic living expenses, medical travel expenses, and lost income owing to illness-related work disruptions. Few studies addressed stress appraisals as threatening or the adequacy of available financial resources. When mentioned, appraisals related to the global financial struggle during the COVID-19 pandemic or the capacity of social network members to donate funds. The consequences of MCF included the receipt of 3 forms of social support (tangible, informational, and emotional), privacy loss, embarrassment, and the propagation of scientifically unsupported information. Studies found that friends and family tended to manage MCF campaigns. Although most of the studies (21/26, 81%) focused on monetary outcomes, a few (5/26, 19%) concentrated on peoples’ experiences with MCF. Conclusions The identified methodological gaps highlight the need for more robust and reproducible approaches to using the copious data available on public MCF platforms. The integration of quantitative and qualitative methods will allow for nuanced explorations of the MCF experience. A more consistent elaboration of strategies to promote the responsible conduct of research is warranted to minimize risk to populations that are vulnerable and express concerns regarding the loss of privacy. Finally, an examination of the unanticipated consequences of MCF is critical for the development of future interventions to optimize existing supports while providing needed supports, financial and nonfinancial, that are lacking.

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The Success of Cancer Crowdfunding Campaigns: Project and Text Analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 43 publications

Impact of, Factors for the Success of, and Concerns Regarding Transplant Patients’ Skin Cancer Campaigns: Observational Study

Impact of, Factors for the Success of, and Concerns Regarding Transplant Patients’ Skin Cancer Campaigns: Observational Study

Análise das Campanhas de Conscientização sobre o Câncer por meio do Google Trends: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura

The Use of Medical Crowdfunding to Mitigate the Personal Costs of Serious Chronic Illness: Scoping Review

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