The Subliminal Psychodynamic Activation Method: Comprehensive Listing Update, Individual Differences, and Other Considerations

Silverman, Lloyd H.; Geisler, Carol

doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(08)62406-1

Cited by 20 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Ln the context of a question concerning information processing, Silverman stated "It is reasonable to assume that all the information, both verbal and pictorial, gets into the fovea" (Adams, 1982, p. 36). Silverman and Geisler (1986) indcated that Winnett and van Santen (personal communication to L. H. Silverman, March, 1981) observed that Silverman, Ross, et al (1978) and Heilbrun (1980) presented the same stimul~ but Heilbrun's were viewed from a closer distance. Winnett and van Santen calculated that Heilbrun's BEATING stimul~ had larger visual angles than those of Silverman, Ross, et al, a circumstance that changed the meaning of his messages because one or two extrafoveal letters did not register (Silverman & Geisler, 1986).…”

Section: Question Of Position Of Subliminal P~ychodynamic Activation Stimuli I N the Visual Fieldmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Subliminal Psychodynamic Activation: Methodological Problems and Questions in Silverman's Experiments

Fudin

1999

Percept Mot Skills

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Analyses of procedures in Lloyd H. Silverman's subliminal psychodynamic activation experiments identify problems and questions. Given the information provided, none of his experiments can be replicated, and none of his positive results were found under luminance conditions he reckoned in 1983 were typical of such outcomes. Furthermore, there is no evidence in any of his experiments that all stimuli were presented completely within the fovea, a condition critical to the production of positive findings (Silverman & Geisler, 1986). These considerations and the fact that no experiment using Silverman's procedures can yield unambiguous positive results (Fudin, 1986) underscore the need to start anew research in this area. Such research should be undertaken with a greater appreciation of methodological issues involved in exposing and encoding subliminal stimuli than that found in all but a few experiments on subliminal psychodynamic activation.

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Section: Question Of Position Of Subliminal P~ychodynamic Activation Stimuli I N the Visual Fieldmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Finally, none of his experiments contain evidence that all s t i m h were presented completely within the fovea. That condtion is needed to effect registration of the contents of a stimulus (Silverman & Geisler, 1986), a critical process required to effect positive outcomes (Silverman, 1967).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Subliminal Psychodynamic Activation: Methodological Problems and Questions in Silverman's Experiments

Fudin

1999

Percept Mot Skills

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“…Identification Test (Aggression test). The basic assumption underlying the test design is that, on a picture depicting an 'aggressor' and his 'victim' face to face, subliminal projection of the word 'I' (Swedish YAG') might affect a subject's impression of or empathy with the contrasting roles they represent (Silverman & Geisler, 1986) at .Ol sec. and are prolonged step by step with a quotient of the square root of 2 (as described above).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Profile in Patients with Stages I and II Breast Cancer: Associations of Psychological Profile with Tumor Biological Prognosticators

Lilja

Smith²,

Malmström³

et al. 2003

Psychol Rep

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We have earlier shown that breast cancer patients with moderately or well differentiated tumors seem to be able to inhibit stress evoked from anger in a successful manner, while those with poorer prognosis do not. We now report a study with an enlarged group of patients, investigating associations between tumor biological factors and psychological profile. 129 patients with Stages I and II breast cancer undergoing adjuvant radiation therapy were interviewed and tested with three projective personality tests assessing attitude to aggression and coping with stress and anxiety. Creative functioning was also tested. Patients with Stage I (smaller) tumors reported a "fighting spirit" attitude toward the disease, but they also showed depressive reaction patterns. Moreover, if the patient could successfully avoid or inhibit the stress evoked from perceiving an aggressive motif in the picture shown in the aggression test, the tumor biological situation was better. Patients who did not inhibit stress reactions on the aggression test and also on the anxiety test had a poorer tumor biological situation. Surprisingly, low speed of tumor cell proliferation (DNA S-phase fraction) correlated with high scores on the creativity test. Successful denial or inhibition of stress evoked by aggression combined with a creative, flexible attitude was associated with a better tumor biological situation.

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“…En gnutta kunskap om det arbete sam utfbrts pa manga laboratorier runtom i varlden skulle kunna forma dessa kritiker att uttrycka sig nagot mera hovsamt (set ex Hentschel et al, 2003). Silverman och hans grupp (Silverman & Geisler, 1986) hart ex lagt ner ett gigantiskt arbete pa att belysa psykodynamiken bakom subliminal paverkan. Vid Lunds och Umea universitet pagar sedan lange studier for att fblja hur olika typer att fbrsvarsmekanismer paverkar individens upplevande och handlande.…”

Section: Psykoanalysunclassified

Vad menas med personlighet?

Smith¹

2003

Nordisk Psykologi

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The Subliminal Psychodynamic Activation Method: Comprehensive Listing Update, Individual Differences, and Other Considerations

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

Subliminal Psychodynamic Activation: Methodological Problems and Questions in Silverman's Experiments

Subliminal Psychodynamic Activation: Methodological Problems and Questions in Silverman's Experiments

Psychological Profile in Patients with Stages I and II Breast Cancer: Associations of Psychological Profile with Tumor Biological Prognosticators

Vad menas med personlighet?

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