“…Furthermore, in this study, Arab women perceived that, in addition to gender discrimination, they also experience discrimination in a patriarchal society where men are considered superior to women (Shalhoub-Kervorkian & Daher-Nashif, 2013;Shalhoub-Kevorkian, 2017). Furthermore, they suffer discrimination from the Israeli Jewish majority, regardless of their gender (Ben David, 2019;Rouhana & Ghanem, 1998). Additionally, the higher score for perceived symbolic threat among women participants compared to lower perceived symbolic threat among male participants might also explain this finding.…”