The Subcommissural Organ: Immunohistochemistry and Potential Relations to Salt/Water Balance

Severs, Walter B.; Balaban, Carey D.; Morrow, Bret A.; Snyder, Conor; Keil, L. C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-78013-4_28

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Severs and others (Dundore et al, 1984Severs et al, 1987Severs et al, , 1993) used a more reliable experimental approach, i.e., microinfusions of aldosterone in the vicinity of the rat SCO followed by the recording of several physiological parameters. They concluded that aldosterone has an effect on the SCO and/or adjacent areas excluding the pineal, leading to an increase in sodium excretion without affecting the plasma levels of sodium and potassium.…”

Section: Participation Of the Sco In The Hydromineral Balancementioning

confidence: 98%

The subcommissural organ

Rodríguez

Rodrı́guez

Hein

1998

Microsc. Res. Tech.

129

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Section: Participation Of the Sco In The Hydromineral Balancementioning

confidence: 98%

The subcommissural organ

Rodríguez

Rodrı́guez

Hein

1998

Microsc. Res. Tech.

129

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“…This response was asso ciated with increased resistance to CSF drain age and decreased intracranial compliance [6], There was no histological evidence of an inflammatory process [ 17], and small (30 nm) fluorescent microspheres did not cross the ependymal barrier although CSFp was ele vated [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For comparison, a separate, randomly selected sample from our collective cohort of con scious rats treated under these conditions is shown in figure 2 [6,19]. The physical effects of infusion, per se, on CSFp can be seen in both conscious and anesthetized rats, but the delayed response was abolished by pentobar bital.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pentobarbital Alters the Response of Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure Evoked by Two Provocative Tests in Rats

Searles¹,

Davis²,

Severs³

1996

Pharmacology

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The intracerebroventricular (ICV) route of administration is a commonly used pharmacologic procedure in rats. However, little attention is given to changes in cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFp) when the ventricular system is perturbed, especially in conscious animals. This communication examined CSFp in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats subjected to two pertubations where CSFp had been previously measured in conscious rats. Pentobarbital treatment resulted in marked, qualitative differences after both protocols. Whereas conscious rats responded to a 10-min ICV infusion (8 µl/min) by a delayed, secondary increase in CSFp, this effect was completely eliminated (p < 0.001) by pentobarbital. Also, whereas conscious rats could maintain CSFp at normal values during an hour of 45° head-down tilt, pentobarbital-treated rats could not. Anesthetized rats displayed an immediate fall in CSFp to near zero values (p < 0.001), followed by a rapid recovery (p < 0.001) after tilting. Such differences in CSF dynamics raise important issues. For example, what mechanism(s) underlie the changes in CSF dynamics? Also, are these differences in conscious and anesthetized rats potential variables for drug distribution when the ICV route is used?

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“…Secondly, no abnormal behavior emerges in rats either before or after the CSFp rise evoked by the single 10-min ICV infusion [14], Also, no gross histological changes such as ventricular dilatation occur, even in rats subjected to the bilateral infusion protocol, which evokes the highest CSFp increase [10]. Lastly, rats with high CSFp evoked by the 10-min ICV infusion protocol have normal epen dymal barrier function, as assessed by exclu sion of fluorescent microspheres [19], The partial efficacy of dexamethasone may be due to its ability to reduce CSF synthesis [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dexamethasone and Ergonovine Effects on Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure in Conscious Rats

et al. 1994

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Prior work showed that intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusions of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), at a rate of 8 µl/ min × 10 min, elevated CSF pressure (CSFp) of conscious rats after a 2-hour delay. The rise was associated with an increased resistance to outflow and decreased intracranial compliance. When maintained by a continuous infusion of 0.25 µl/min into each lateral ventricle, CSFp recordings can be made for 24 h and a higher CSFp occurs. Here, we pretreated rats with ergonovine or dexamethasone to determine their effects on the delayed CSFp rise. Ergonovme (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) pretreatment, in a 6-hour protocol using only the 10-min infusion, slightly reduced CSFp (p < 0.05, one-tail test) but the time course of the delayed rise in CSFp was unchanged (p > 0.05). Ergonovine increased intracranial compliance (p < 0.05) 20 min after infusion when CSFp was normal, but not when CSFp was elevated at 4 h (p > 0.05). Dexamethasone (40 µg i.m.) pretreatment was tested in the 24-hour protocol. It reduced (p < 0.05) normal CSFp during the 2-hour lag after infusion and the CSFp rise was reduced (p < 0.05) for about 8 h. However, the time course and ending CSFp were unchanged (p > 0.05). Thus, prior cerebral vasoconstriction or a steroidal anti-inflammatory drug have partial efficacy in reducing CSFp, but do not prevent the unknown events that precede the delayed CSFp rise after ICV infusions.

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The Subcommissural Organ: Immunohistochemistry and Potential Relations to Salt/Water Balance

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

The subcommissural organ

The subcommissural organ

Pentobarbital Alters the Response of Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure Evoked by Two Provocative Tests in Rats

Dexamethasone and Ergonovine Effects on Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure in Conscious Rats

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