The sub-acute toxicity of kavalactone in rats: a study of the effect of oral doses and the mechanism of toxicity in combination with ethanol

Hasan, Mohammed A.; Mohan, Syam; Rahman, Heshu Sulaiman; Othman, Hemn Hassan; Omer, Shirwan Hamasalih; Farasani, Abdullah

doi:10.1080/01480545.2022.2069803

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…Nevertheless, in a randomized trial involving 40 volunteers, no negative performance effects of combining kava with ethanol compared to kava alone were observed on the seven safety-related performance parameters analyzed [ 57 ]. Finally, in a recent study in the rat model, with the objective to elucidate the mechanisms of toxicity alone and in combination with ethanol, alterations of hepatic color, size, consistency, weight and necrosis with Kupffer cells hyperplasia of periacinar zone were all aggravated by ethanol [ 58 ].…”

Section: Toxicokinetics and Drug Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Updated Review on the Psychoactive, Toxic and Anticancer Properties of Kava

Soares

Dinis-Oliveira

Oliveira

2022

JCM

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Kava (Piper methysticum) has been widely consumed for many years in the South Pacific Islands and displays psychoactive properties, especially soothing and calming effects. This plant has been used in Western countries as a natural anxiolytic in recent decades. Kava has also been used to treat symptoms associated with depression, menopause, insomnia, and convulsions, among others. Along with its putative beneficial health effects, kava has been associated with liver injury and other toxic effects, including skin toxicity in heavy consumers, possibly related to its metabolic profile or interference in the metabolism of other xenobiotics. Kava extracts and kavalactones generally displayed negative results in genetic toxicology assays although there is sufficient evidence for carcinogenicity in experimental animals, most likely through a non-genotoxic mode of action. Nevertheless, the chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive potential of kava against cancer has also been suggested. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have evaluated the effects of flavokavains, kavalactones and/or kava extracts in different cancer models, showing the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and other antiproliferative effects in several types of cancer, including breast, prostate, bladder, and lung. Overall, in this scoping review, several aspects of kava efficacy and safety are discussed and some pertinent issues related to kava consumption are identified.

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Section: Toxicokinetics and Drug Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%