The study of the volume expansion of aluminum during porous oxide formation at galvanostatic regime

Vrublevsky, Igor; Parkoun, V.; Sokol, V.; Schreckenbach, J.; Marx, G.

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2003.08.014

Cited by 88 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The measured current densities in Fig. 3 show the same variation as that predicted by equation (16). By applying a potential of 3.5 V, the electron can be assumed to escape by tunnelling from the well.…”

Section: Tio H E Mn Tio H Mnsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…This process leads to the formation of a conductive porous coating layer of TiO 2 over the entire surface of the titanium film. This film is the preanodized TiO 2 [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14, a parabolic Eq. 16 is obtained: From equation (16), one can see that the probability of the electron escaping from hole recombination increases with the potential bias that is applied. The photocurrent density which expresses the probability of reducing the recombination of the electron and the hole would then increase with the applied potential bias.…”

Section: Tio H E Mn Tio H Mnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of an External Applied Potential on the Photocatalytic Properties of Manganese-Doped Titanium Dioxide

Ekoko¹

2014

AJPC

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Abstract:The electrochemical anodic oxidation method was used to prepare thin films of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) semiconductors (undoped and doped with Mn). These films were used to test the oxidation of methanol (CH 3 OH), the degree of which was quantified by measuring the current density produced as a function of an applied potential between 0.5 V and 5.0 V. The value of the potential to be applied in order to prevent fast electron-hole recombination was determined. The observed phenomenon is explained by considering the wave nature of the electron.

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Section: Tio H E Mn Tio H Mnsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…This process leads to the formation of a conductive porous coating layer of TiO 2 over the entire surface of the titanium film. This film is the preanodized TiO 2 [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tio H E Mn Tio H Mnmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of an External Applied Potential on the Photocatalytic Properties of Manganese-Doped Titanium Dioxide

Ekoko¹

2014

AJPC

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“…The tracer studies supported earlier measurements of the rate of increase in pore wall height relative to stationary reference planes. [5][6][7] Both experiments revealed plastic flow in the pore walls at typical velocities of 0.1-1 nm/s. We developed a transport model of porous anodic alumina films, which validated the hypothesis of coupled electrical migration and viscous flow of oxide, through a detailed agreement with the tungsten tracer profiles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model for Coupled Electrical Migration and Stress-Driven Transport in Anodic Oxide Films

Hebert

Houser

2009

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A model for transport in amorphous anodic oxide films was developed in which ion migration was driven by gradients of mechanical stress as well as electric potential and which included viscoelastic creep of the oxide. Simulations were presented for the galvanostatic growth of planar barrier-type anodic aluminum oxide films. It is assumed that stress originates at the metal-film interface due to the volume change upon oxidation. The average stress in the film decayed during growth and evolved from compressive to tensile with increasing applied current density. The model was fit to stress-thickness measurements using a viscosity of 1×1012Pas on the same order of magnitude as that of many other amorphous materials displaying viscous creep. The current density increased exponentially with electric field, in agreement with an empirical high field conduction behavior. The metal ion transport number was predicted based on the motion of markers in the film and increased with current density in quantitative agreement with experimental measurements. The model represents a unified quantitative interpretation of ionic conduction, transport numbers, and mechanical stress measurements in anodic films.

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“…The flow of anodic oxide arises from field-assisted plasticity of the film and the generation of stress due to electrostriction and the formation of film material [14,15]. The displacement of film material from the pore base to the pore wall may explain the increased thickness of the alumina film with respect to the thickness of aluminium that is oxidized [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of porous anodic alumina films in hot phosphate–glycerol electrolyte

Yang

Aoki

Skeldon

et al. 2010

J Solid State Electrochem

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Growth of porous anodic alumina films has been examined at 10 V in hot phosphatecontaining glycerol electrolyte containing from 0.1 to 0.57 mass% water. The growth rate of the films is highly dependent upon the water content of the electrolyte, reducing markedly at a water content of 0.1 mass%, an opposite trend to that found previously for formation of porous films on titanium and niobium. Chemical dissolution of the anodic alumina is also suppressed in electrolyte of low water content. GDOES depth profiles revealed that an increased water content of the electrolyte promoted incorporation of phosphorus species into the films, although chemical dissolution reduced the amounts of phosphorus in the outer regions. Carbon species also appeared to be present in films, particularly at lower water content. Using a niobium oxide outer layer to suppress chemical dissolution resulted in films that were about 1.2 times the thickness of the consumed aluminium for an electrolyte containing 0.25 mass% water. The expansion suggests possible contribution of field-assisted flow of film material in growth of the porous anodic film.Keywords: porous anodic alumina, organic electrolyte, growth mechanism, TEM, GDOES [19][20][21]. In the present study, the growth of porous anodic alumina films has been investigated in K 2 HPO 4 -glycerol electrolyte at 433 K using field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), 5 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES). In particular, the influence of the water content of the electrolyte on the formation of the films has been examined, since its significant influence on the growth rate of porous titania and niobia films has recently been reported [20,22]. Experimental detailsSpecimens were prepared from 99.99% pure aluminium sheet that had been

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The study of the volume expansion of aluminum during porous oxide formation at galvanostatic regime

Cited by 88 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of an External Applied Potential on the Photocatalytic Properties of Manganese-Doped Titanium Dioxide

Effect of an External Applied Potential on the Photocatalytic Properties of Manganese-Doped Titanium Dioxide

A Model for Coupled Electrical Migration and Stress-Driven Transport in Anodic Oxide Films

Growth of porous anodic alumina films in hot phosphate–glycerol electrolyte

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