The Study of Soil Contamination by Toxocara spp. Eggs in Different Areas of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Southwest Iran

Shirvani, Giti; Abdizadeh, Rahman; Naeini, Kourosh Manouchehri; Mortezaei, S R Seyed; Khaksar, Mina

doi:10.15171/ijer.2019.31

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…A total of 4%, 5%, 7%, and 3.7% of soil samples in Shiraz, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Ardabil, and Sari in the north of Iran have been reported to be positive for Toxocara spp. eggs, respectively, using the saturated sucrose flotation method [ 14 , 18 – 20 ]. On the contrary, the rates of soil contamination with Toxocara spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Determination of Toxocara spp. Eggs Isolated from Public Parks and Playgrounds in Zahedan, Southeast Iran

Liravizadeh,

Abdolahi Khabisi,

Salimi Khorashad

et al. 2024

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Background. Human toxocariasis (HT) is a zoonotic disease with a global expansion. Contaminated soil with Toxocara spp. eggs is the main source of human infection, which may lead to severe complications depending on the organs invaded by migrating larvae. Aim. This study is aimed at eliciting the prevalence of Toxocara spp. eggs in public parks in Zahedan, southeast Iran, and providing new insight into the soil contamination rate in this area using microscopic and molecular methods. Methods. Based on five municipal districts, 240 soil samples were collected from public parks and playgrounds in Zahedan. The modified Sheather’s flotation technique was employed to isolate Toxocara spp. eggs from the soil, followed by microscopic assessment and molecular evaluation of internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (ITS1 and 2 rDNA) using nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR) to identify the presence of Toxocara spp. eggs. The Sanger sequence was used to differentiate the Toxocara species. Subsequently, all the sequenced data were blasted and compared with other sequences available in the GenBank. Results. Out of 240 soil samples collected, 7 (2.9%) samples were identified to contain Toxocara spp. eggs using Sheather’s flotation and microscopic techniques. Meanwhile, 19 (7.9%) samples were positive using nested PCR. According to the Sanger sequencing analysis findings, all positive samples were contaminated with Toxocara cati. Conclusion. As evidenced by the obtained results, only T. cati species were detected in public parks and playgrounds in Zahedan; therefore, control and prevention programs against this species should be considered in human and animal communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Determination of Toxocara spp. Eggs Isolated from Public Parks and Playgrounds in Zahedan, Southeast Iran

Liravizadeh,

Abdolahi Khabisi,

Salimi Khorashad

et al. 2024

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Prevalence of Toxocara Species Eggs in the Soil of Public Parks in Hamedan City, Western Iran

Sazmand

Torkaman

Namayeshi

et al. 2020

Avicenna J Clin Microbiol Infect

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Background: Toxocariasis is one of the most commonly reported zoonotic helminth infections in the world which is caused by the parasitic roundworms of dogs or cats. This survey aimed to provide data on the contamination of the soil of public parks by Toxocara spp. eggs in Hamedan city, capital of Hamedan Province in the west of Iran. Methods: During April and May 2019, a total of 120 soil samples were collected from 20 public parks (4 to 10 soil samples from each park) from all geographical areas of the city. For detection of eggs, soil samples were dried overnight at room temperature and passed through a 150 μm mesh sieve. After performing Sheather’s flotation technique using 2 g of powdery soil, light microscopic examinations were carried out. Results: Microscopic evaluation of specimens revealed that 14 samples out of 120 (11.67%) collected from 10 public parks out of 20 in Hamedan (50.0%) were contaminated with Toxocara spp. eggs. Various developmental stages of Toxocara spp. eggs including (1) non-developed, (2) 2-cell to tadpole stage, and (3) larvated eggs were observed. Furthermore, in two public parks, Trichuris spp. eggs were found in the soils. Conclusions: This study provides the first information about the contamination of public areas in Hamedan 0rovince and suggests that public awareness about this fact is needed. Education of citizens especially parents with children, who have commonly mouthing behavior, is recommended. Further molecular-based studies for the identification of parasite species in the province are suggested. All of the published literature about contamination of the soils of public areas in Iran with Toxocara eggs until July 2020 were also reviewed.

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The Study of Soil Contamination by Toxocara spp. Eggs in Different Areas of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Southwest Iran

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Molecular Determination of Toxocara spp. Eggs Isolated from Public Parks and Playgrounds in Zahedan, Southeast Iran

Molecular Determination of Toxocara spp. Eggs Isolated from Public Parks and Playgrounds in Zahedan, Southeast Iran

Prevalence of Toxocara Species Eggs in the Soil of Public Parks in Hamedan City, Western Iran

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