The study of mental illness in Iraq and its common trends: A systematic review

Ahmed, Darya Rostam

doi:10.52095/gp.2022.3774.1026

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This is due to loss of social support systems, poor living conditions, barriers to accessing services, distress at the separation from parents as well as concerns for their safety (Karadag et al, 2021). All the studies that examined the mental health problems among Yazidi children and adolescents were conducted in IDP and refugee camps and these contexts have played a major role in the development of mental health and psychological disorders (Bürgin et al, 2022;Ahmed, 2022b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PTSD may affect children just like adults if they have witnessed traumatic events such as abuse, and war. The study found that Yazidi women and girls who survived war and genocide met the criteria for a probable Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5 PTSD) diagnosis and their level of PTSD is high (Ahmed, 2022b). This systematic review aims to investigate the psychological and mental health problems among Yazidi children and adolescents after the ISIS invasion of Iraq and Syria in 2014.…”

Section: Persecution and Mental Health In The Yazidi Children And Ado...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review of Yazidi children and adolescents reveals high rates of mental and psychiatric disorders after the ISIS invasion in 2014

Ahmed¹

2022

GPA

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Background: Yazidi people are a minority group of Kurds that often live in the Sinjar District in Iraq. The Yazidis have been persecuted for centuries. They have most recently been, targeted by the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) when they experienced violence, genocide, enslavement, and forced migration -all of which have had a significant impact on their mental health. Aim: The purpose of this systematic review is to examine mental and psychological health problems among Yazidi children and adolescents following the ISIS invasion of Iraq and Syria in 2014. Methods:The PRISMA protocol was used to conduct a systematic review of the literature. Using related keywords, 182 publications were identified on PubMed and Google Scholar. Finally, 5 full articles were included for data extraction. Inclusion criteria were English papers that studied Yazidi mental and psychiatric disorders in Yazidi children and adolescents, regardless of date or gender. However, research on Yazidi adult mental health and general physical health was excluded. Results:The initial search result found 182 articles; 83 were evaluated for eligibility, with 5 studies meeting full eligibility criteria and being included in the current systematic review. According to the results, Yazidi children and adolescents have suffered from a variety of mental and psychological disorders as a result of the recent traumatic events, which mostly occurred after the ISIS invasion in 2014. The most prevalent are posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, anxiety, and other mental and psychiatric problems. Conclusion: Yazidi children and adolescents experienced serious traumatic events, including war trauma, as well as substantial migration and resettlement-related stress. These exposures increased the risk of developing mental health problems, including depression, PTSD, anxiety, and behavioural and comorbid mental and psychological problems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Persecution and Mental Health In The Yazidi Children And Ado...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of Yazidi children and adolescents reveals high rates of mental and psychiatric disorders after the ISIS invasion in 2014

Ahmed¹

2022

GPA

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“…The evaluation of research productivity of researchers, faculty, academic qualifications, and experience for the purposes of recruitment, promotion, and research grant funding represents salient experiences that could be focused on emotional dynamics based on stress, psychological distress, anxiety, and depression 6 . The young researcher study underlined the above scenario: the individual contribution to build academic professional could have a relevant impact 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 The young researcher study underlined the above scenario: the individual contribution to build academic professional could have a relevant impact. 7 Recently, a growing body of evidence suggests that relevant doctoral researchers work under elevated levels of stress and frustration, which significantly impacts their personal health and research output and their future career development. [8][9][10] This study aimed to analyse the well-being and mental health within ECR, focusing on coping strategies for stress, and to contribute and exploit a conceptual framework tailored to the academic context considering the specifics and challenges of academia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early career researchers and mental health: Observational study of challenge and wellbeing

Cilli,

Ranieri,

Guerra

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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BackgroundEarly career researchers (ECRs) are a strategic sector in the academic community because they represent a scientific incubator for future academic scholars. Recently, growing evidence suggests that relevant doctoral researchers work under elevated levels of stress and frustration and that this has a significant impact on their personal health and research output and their future career development. This study aimed to analyse the well‐being and mental health within ECR, focusing on coping strategies for stress, and to contribute and exploit a conceptual framework tailored to the academic context considering the specifics and challenges of academia.MethodsParticipants were 134 young early career academics (mean age = 30.6; SD = 4.38; range = 25–40 years) enrolled via institutional email. A 94‐item questionnaire was created using Survey Monkey and distributed between October and December 2022. The survey assessment was based on three parts: (1) sociodemographic data, (2) psychological assessment, and (3) research skills design.ResultsOur findings highlighted a general trend toward negative psychological dimensions in ECRs: PhD students and research contracts appeared to be stressed, anxious, and depressed. Moreover, they had segmented ECRs: PhD students showed higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress than research contracts, highlighting reduced positive outcomes in psychological dimensions, as well as lower ability to manage emotional experiences and then to be perseverant for long‐term goals and motivation. Our findings highlight that mental health in ECRs is a challenge that needs to be addressed in academia.ConclusionsNew and innovative ways of encouraging help‐seeking must be developed and implemented to address policy changes, communication activities, training, and health‐promotion activities through the circulation of experience, sharing actions, and strategies to foster healthy academics by raising awareness, implementing interventions, or engaging professionals concerning mental health in academia.

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“…There are socioecological risk factors that lead to psychiatric problems and suicide in Iraq. During the last decades, the Iraqi population has had to deal with the effects of war, sanctions, terrorism, displacement and internal conflicts, which have resulted in poor public services and deteriorating living standards, negatively impacting the mental health of people (Ahmed, 2022b). According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), suicide rates in Iraq have increased and have become a serious public health problem (WHO, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of self-immolation in Iraq: A systematic review

Ahmed

2023

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Background: Self-immolation is one of the most brutal suicide methods and is a significant social and medical problem throughout the world. Self-immolation is more common in low-income countries than in high-income countries. Aim: The aim is to evaluate the trends in self-immolation and examine its frequency in Iraq. Methods: The PRISMA guideline was used to conduct this systematic review study. We searched for publications in English, Arabic and Kurdish in PubMed and Google Scholar. A total of 105 publications were identified through the search; however, 92 were eliminated due to duplication and irrelevant content. Finally, 13 full articles were included for data extraction. The inclusion criteria were articles that investigated self-immolation. However, letters to editors and media reports on self-immolation were excluded. The retrieved studies were selected, reviewed and then quality assessed. Results: This study included 13 articles. According to the findings, self-immolation accounted for 26.38% of all burn admissions in the Iraqi provinces and the Kurdistan region, with 16.02% of those occurring in the middle and southern provinces of Iraq and 36.75% in the Kurdistan region. It is more common in women than in men, especially among young, married, illiterate, or poorly educated people. Sulaymaniyah had a higher percentage of self-immolation than other governorates in Iraq, accounting for 38.3% of burn admissions. Cultural and social norms, domestic violence, mental health problems, family conflicts and financial problems were identified as the most common causes of self-immolation. Conclusion: The prevalence of self-immolation is high among the Iraqi population, compared to other countries, particularly among the Kurdish population and in Sulaymaniyah. Self-immolation is relatively common among women. There are sociocultural factors that could contribute to this problem. Families must be restricted from having easy access to kerosene, and high-risk individuals should have access to psychological consultation to reduce the risk of self-immolation.

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The study of mental illness in Iraq and its common trends: A systematic review

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

A systematic review of Yazidi children and adolescents reveals high rates of mental and psychiatric disorders after the ISIS invasion in 2014

A systematic review of Yazidi children and adolescents reveals high rates of mental and psychiatric disorders after the ISIS invasion in 2014

Early career researchers and mental health: Observational study of challenge and wellbeing

The epidemiology of self-immolation in Iraq: A systematic review

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