The study of endometrium at gestational days 5 and 15 in dairy goats (Capra hircus)

Abstract

Zhang L., Liu X.-R., Han P., Zhou Z.-Q., Cao B.-Y., Song Y.-X. (2017): The study of endometrium at gestational days 5 and 15 in dairy goats (Capra hircus). Czech J. Anim. Sci., 62,[357][358][359][360][361][362][363][364][365][366][367][368] Endometrium receptivity, an absolutely necessary part of successful embryo implantation, and several morphological and biochemical endometrial receptivity biomarkers have already been studied and proposed in some animals. However, to our knowledge, no such a study has as yet been undertaken in dairy goat. In the present study, the serum and uterus of dairy goat were studied at gestational days 5 and 15, the estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentrations in serum were determined by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, the surface topography of endometrium was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the estrogen receptors (ER), prolactin (PRL), some marker genes of receptive endometrium, and cell proliferation and apoptosis in the uterus were also detected. Well-formed pinopodes were found on the surface of endometrium at day 15 with higher E2 and P4 concentrations in the serum and higher estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ expression levels and a lower PRL level in the endometrium. Moreover, some expression levels of marker genes of receptive endometrium (OPN, VEGF, LIF, PRLR) were increased at day 15 compared to day 5, but no significant differences were observed in the cell proliferation and apoptosis in the uterus. The results showed that the endometrium reached the receptive state at gestational day 15 in dairy goats. Keywords: endometrial receptivity; pinopodes; gestational day 15 (D15)List of abbreviations: E2 = estrogen, P4 = progesterone, D = gestational day (D0, D1, D5, D15), ER = estrogen receptor, ERα = E2 receptor α, ERβ = E2 receptor β, PR = P4 receptor, PRL = prolactin, PRLR = prolactin receptor, PCNA = proliferating cell nuclear antigen, GHR = growth hormone receptor, IFG1R = insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, OPN = osteopontin, VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor, LIF = leukaemiainhibitory factor, RT-qPCR = quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, MPA = medroxyprogesterone acetate, FSH = follicle-stimulating hormone, PMSG = pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin, SEM = scanning electron microscopy, PA = paraformaldehyde, PBS = phosphate-buffered saline, ECLI = electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, HE = hematoxylin/eosin, IHC = immunohistochemistry, BSA = bull serum albumin, HRP = horseradish peroxidase, DAB = diaminobenzidine, NC = negative control, TUNEL = terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end-labelling, LE = luminal epithelium, GE = glandular epithelium, SC = stromal cell, VE = vascular endothelial cell, IOD = integrated optical density, WOI = window of implantation, EEC = endometrial epithelial cells, ESC = endometrial stromal cells

FBXO18/Circrna211/Mir-431/CSF1 Axis Regulates the Establishment of Endometrial Receptivity Though Activating MAPK and CSF1R/PI3K/AKT/Mtor Pathways in Dairy Goats

“…Zhang found that the pinopodes of dairy goats also appeared only on the 15th day of gestation (RE), but not on the 5th day (PE). Moreover, the expression levels of VEGF, OPN, LIF and PRL, as markers of endometrial receptivity, are much higher in RE than PE in the endometrium of dairy goats [33]. IHC results further suggested that VEGF and OPN proteins were down-regulated and MUC1 protein was up-regulated, while no signi cant changes in LIF protein was observed after miR-431 agomir injected.…”

“…Previous studies found that when GEECs were in the proliferative state, it was bene cial to the establishment of endometrial receptivity of dairy goats [33]. The expression level of CSF1 protein in human endometrium during pregnancy is much higher than that in non-pregnancy period, and the content of the placenta is also high [38].…”

“…Therefore, the results of this study suggested that the FBXO18/circRNA211/miR-431/CSF1 regulatory axis can promote the proliferation of GEECs through the MAPK signaling pathway. Previous studies have shown that the expression of proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in RE was signi cantly higher than that in PE, which suggested that the endometrial epithelium cells in the state of proliferation is conducive to the establishment of endometrium receptivity in dairy goats [33]. Together these results provide important insights for us that FBXO18/circRNA211/miR-431/CSF1 axis promoted the proliferation of GEECs through the MAPK signaling pathway, thus facilitating the establishment of endometrial receptivity of dairy goats.…”

“…Pinopodes is a morphological marker of endometrial receptivity, while some genes, such as VEGF, LIF, OPN and PRL, can be considered as molecular markers [33]. Therefore, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of marker genes related to endometrial receptivity in mice at the 4th day of gestation.…”

MiR-184 Combined with STC2 Promotes Endometrial Epithelial Cell Apoptosis in Dairy Goats via RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK Pathway

“…The establishment of RE is a dynamic and complex process, and cell proliferation and apoptosis play an important role [ 29 ]. Our previous results have shown that miR-34a/c and miR-181a participate in the establishment of endometrial receptivity by regulating EECs apoptosis in dairy goats [ 27 , 30 ].…”